Бактериофаги и биосорбенты на их основе для специфической детекции клеток Escherichia coli биолюминесцентным методом тема диссертации и автореферата по ВАК РФ 02.00.15, кандидат химических наук Миних, Ольга Александровна

• Миних, Ольга Александровна
• кандидат химических наук
• 2010

Оглавление диссертации кандидат химических наук Миних, Ольга Александровна

ПРИНЯТЫЕ ОБОЗНАЧЕНИЯ.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ.

ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ.

1. Патогенные бактерии и методы их детекции.

1.1. Патогены. Ущерб от патогенов.

1.2. Стандартные методы детекции.

1.3. Быстрые методы.

1.4. Вид Escherichia coli. Детекция патогенных клеток E.coli.

2. Бактериофаги.

2.1. Общие сведения о бактериофагах.

2.2. Литические и лизогенные бактериофаги.

2.3. Применение бактериофагов для детекции бактерий.

2.4. Применение бактериофагов как биосорбентов.

3. Биосенсоры.

3.1. Общие сведения.

3.2. Биосенсоры на основе клеточных тканей.

ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ ЧАСТЬ.

1. Бактериофаги и бактериальные штаммы.

2. Методики проведения экспериментов.

2.1. Взаимодействие клеток Е. coli В с бактериофагами в растворе.

2.2. Получение биосорбентов на основе фагов.

2.3. Оценка способности связывания клеток полученными биосорбентами.

2.4. Исследование литической активности биосорбентов на основе фагов.

2.5. Детекция клеток E.coli В на основе нанофильтров «Disruptor» и фага Т4 в растворе.

2.6. Анализ данных.

2.7. Взаимодействие патогенных и непатогенных штаммов E.coli с эпителиальными IleLa клетками.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ И ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ.57 '

1. Взаимодействие бактерий E.coli В с бактериофагом Т4 и его рекомбинантными аналогами Т4-ВССР и T4-CBD в растворе.

1.1. Определение оптимальных условий для прямой детекции клеток E.coli В с помощью бактериофага Т4 и метода биолюминесцентной АТФ-метрии.

1.2. Ингибирование роста светящихся клеток E.coli В при взаимодействии с диким Т4 фагом, биотинилированным Т4-ВССР и целлюлозосвязывающим T4-CBD фагами

1.3. Изучение лизиса клеток E.coli В посредством фага дикого типа Т4 и рекомбинантных фагов Т4-ВССР и T4-CBD по данным метода биолюминесцентной АТФ-метрии.

2. Биосорбенты на основе иммобилизованных фагов. Их свойства и возможность применения для детекции клеток E.coli.

2.1. Иммобилизация бактериофагов на магнитных и целлюлозных частицах.

2.2. Исследование свойств полученных биосорбентов.

3. Использование нанофильтров «Disruptor» и бактериофага Т4 для специфической детекции клеток E.coli.

3.1. Построение биосорбента на основе нанофильтров и фага Т4 и исследование его стабильности.

3.2. Сравнение инфекционных свойств системы «бактериофаг Т4 + нанофильтры» с использованием светящихся клеток E.coli В (lux).

3.3. Исследование возможности специфической детекции клеток E.coli при помощи биосорбента на основе нанофильтров с бактериофагом Т4.

3.4. Исследование инфекционных свойств биосорбентов разных типов при использовании светящихся клеток E.coli В (lux).

4. Взаимодействие патогенных и непатогенных биолюминесцентных штаммов E.coli с эпителиальными HeLa клетками.

4.1. Биолюминесценция штаммов Е coli (lux).

4.2. Рост бактериальных клеток E.coli в различных средах.

4.3. Адгезия бактериальных клеток Е. coli к эпителиальной HeLa ткани.

ВЫВОДЫ.

Заключение диссертации по теме «Катализ», Миних, Ольга Александровна

выводы l

1. Изучено взаимодействие бактерий E.coli В в растворе с бактериофагом Т4 и его рекомбинантными аналогами: фагом Т4, слитым с биотин связывающим белком (Т4-ВССР) и фагом Т4, слитым с доменом целлюлозосвязывающего белка (Т4-CBD). Показано, что литическая активность генетически модифицированных Т4-фагов ниже, чем исходного бактериофага Т4.

2. Получены биосорбенты путём иммобилизации фага. Т4-ВССР на магнитных стрептавидиновых частицах, и фага T4-CBD на!целлюлозных частицах. Показана высокая специфичность связывания рекомбинантных Т4-ВССР и T4-CBD фагов fс носителями, подтверждена прочность связывания.

3. Показано наличие более высокой литической активности биосорбентов на основе рекомбинантных бактериофагов по сравнению с аналогичными биосорбентами па основе исходного бактериофага Т4. Инфекционная активность иммобилизованных фагов снижена по сравнению с фагами в растворе.

4. Впервые нанофильтры «Disruptor» использованы для получения биосорбентов на основе бактериофага Т4 с целью задержания (на 99,9%) и»детекции бактерий E.coli В. Предел обнаружения при использовании метода с неиммобилизованным бактериофагом составил 500 КОЕ/мл, при> использовании метода с Т4-фагом, иммобилизованным на нанофильтре, - 730 КОЕ/мл. Показана высокая специфичность детекции клеток E.coli в смеси с культурой Salmonella Typhimurium.

5. Изучено взаимодействие эпителиальных HeLa клеток со светящимися клетками Е. coli, содержащими полный IwcCDABE оперон бактериальной люциферазы (15 штаммов, из которых 5 - непатогенные штаммы Е. coli, 10 — энтерогеморрагические штаммы (ЕНЕС), из них 5 — штаммы Е. coli 0157:Н7 и 5 — штаммы Е. coli других 0:Н серотипов). Впервые показано, что HeLa клетки активно способствуют росту различных штаммов Е coli, что может указывать! на важную регуляторную роль HeLa клеток в процессе колонизации эпителия бактериями.

6. Исследование адгезивной способности клеток E.coli к эпителиальным IleLa клеткам показало отсутствие зависимости адгезивной способности клеток E.coli от их вирулентных свойств. Характер поведения клеток Е coli в присутствии HeLa клеток был специфичен для каждого штамма.

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