Структурно-семантические и прагматические особенности новых слов в американских СМИ в начале XXI века тема диссертации и автореферата по ВАК РФ 10.02.04, кандидат наук Кригер Елена Ивановна

• Кригер Елена Ивановна
• кандидат наук
• 2022

Оглавление диссертации кандидат наук Кригер Елена Ивановна

Введение

Основная часть

Глава 1. Теоретические основы исследования

1.1. Проблема лингвистического исследования новых слов

1.2. Прагматическая функция языковых единиц

1.3. Американские СМИ как фактор политического

и лингвокультурного влияния

1.3.1. Краткая характеристика основных современных американских газет

1.3.2. Деление газет по политической ориентации

1.3.3. Широкоформатные газеты и таблоиды. Смещение таблоидов

в сторону серьезных изданий

1.3.4. Характеристика газет The New York Post и The New York Daily News .49-52 Выводы по Главе

Глава 2. Структурно-семантические особенности новых лексических единиц, зафиксированных в газетах

The New York Post и The New York Daily News

2.1. Структурно-семантические особенности новых лексических единиц

в различных тематических группах

2.1.1. НЛЕ тематической группы «Повседневная жизнь»

2.1.2. НЛЕ тематической группы «Социальные и политические события

и явления

2.1.3. НЛЕ тематической группы «Характеристика качеств людей, предметов и явлений

2.1.4. НЛЕ тематической группы «Технология и медицина»

2.1.5. НЛЕ тематической группы «Бизнес и юриспруденция»

2.2. Словосложение, деривация, контаминация, вторичная номинация, устойчивые словосочетания как основные способы образования НЛЕ, зафиксированных в газетах The New York Post и

The New York Daily News

2.2.1. НЛЕ, образованные путем словосложения

2.2.2. НЛЕ, образованные путем деривации

2.2.3. НЛЕ, образованные путем контаминации

2.2.4. НЛЕ, образованные путем вторичной номинации

2.2.5. НЛЕ, представляющие собой словосочетания

2.3. Второстепенные способы образования новых лексических единиц, зафиксированных в газетах

The New York Post и The New York Daily News

Выводы по Главе

Глава 3. Прагматическая функция новых лексических единиц, зафиксированных в газетах The New York Post и The New York Daily News

3.1. Прагматическая функция новых лексичкских единиц в понятийной сфере

«свой - чужой»

3.2. Прагматическая функция новых лексических единиц

в денотативных сферах «Технология и медицина» и «Бизнес и юриспруденция»

3.3. Прагматическая функция новых лексических единиц в денотативной сфере

«Инфлюенсеры»

Выводы по Главе

Заключение

Список литературы

Приложение (Том 2)

1. Повседневная жизнь

2. Социальные и политические события и явления

3. Характеристика качеств людей, предметов

4. Технология и медицина

5. Бизнес и юриспруденция

Введение диссертации (часть автореферата) на тему «Структурно-семантические и прагматические особенности новых слов в американских СМИ в начале XXI века»

Введение

Изменения, происходящие в окружающем мире и затрагивающие все стороны деятельности человека по его познанию и освоению - от технологических разработок до моделирования психологического, социального и политического поведения общества, - отражаются на всех уровнях языка. Новые значения и новые языковые единицы, возникающие в результате таких изменений, существенным образом расширяют предмет неологии - самостоятельного раздела языкознания, изучающего возникающие значения, новые слова как продукт языковой диахронии и новые концепты, представляющие собой смыслы, закрепленные в сознании говорящего с помощью языковых единиц.

Современный английский язык стремительно обогащается новыми словами и значениями, о чем свидетельствуют данные компании Global Language Monitor, которая документирует, анализирует и отслеживает тенденции использования языков по всему миру, уделяя особое внимание английскому языку: каждый год в английском языке появляется около 1000 новых слов [Global Language Monitor]. Одним из основных источников распространения потенциальных слов, которые в перспективе могут быть кодифицированы и включены в основной словарный состав языка, являются электронные СМИ, моментально реагирующие на изменения, происходящие в технологиях, научных изысканиях, социальной и политической жизни общества. Газеты в их электронных версиях знакомят огромное число носителей английского языка с новыми словами и новыми значениями. Американские СМИ считаются одними из самых влиятельных в мире, и потому их можно рассматривать в качестве важных ресурсов неологических явлений в английском языке [Кригер 2019с: 215].

Актуальность настоящего исследования определяется следующими факторами:

- существующей в области лингвистического знания потребностью в системном и систематическом изучении факторов, способствующих появлению

новых слов, установлению преобладающих способов образования новых лексических единиц в современном английском языке;

- недостаточностью внимания к газетным изданиям как одному из ведущих ресурсов обогащения лексико-семантического состава современного английского языка;

- потребностью дополнить имеющиеся данные о структурно -семантических особенностях новых слов английского языка.

Степень разработанности проблемы. Неология - сравнительно молодая научная отрасль, находящаяся на стыке лексикологии и лексикографии. В последние два десятилетия языковые изменения привлекают к себе пристальное внимание многих отечественных и зарубежных лингвистов, так как изучение причин появления новых языковых единиц и закономерностей их образования не только позволяет проанализировать основные тенденции в развитии языка в указанный период, но и дает возможность судить о жизни народа, говорящего на этом языке, и уровне развития общества в целом.

Вопросами неологии и изучением продуктивных способов образования новых лексических единиц, в том числе отклоняющихся от словообразовательной нормы, в разное время занимались А.А. Брагина, Е.Н. Вахромова, В.В. Виноградов, Г.О. Винокур, Л.Б. Гацалова, Г.Н. Гумовская, В.И. Заботкина, Е.А. Земская, В.И. Зимин, А.Н. Ильина, А.В. Калинин, Л.Ю. Касьянова, Д. Керреманс, С.Г. Кибасова, В.Г. Костомаров, Н.З. Котелова, Л.П. Крысин, Е.С. Кубрякова, Н.В. Кузнецова, А. Меткалф, Л.А. Нефедова, Е.А.Никулина, С. Пинкер, Л.В. Рацибурская, А. Ренуф, Е.В. Сенько, И.В. Скуратов, С.И. Тогоева и др.

Под влиянием идей перечисленных лингвистов сегодня решаются многие проблемы неологии, в том числе в диссертационных исследованиях, которые защитили С.И. Алаторцева (1998), Л.И. Плотникова (2004), Л.Б. Гацалова (2005), С.Р. Прохорова (2005), В.А. Марьянчик (2005), Т.А. Гуральник (2006), Н.Б. Милявская (2006), Т.В. Жеребило (2007), Н.А. Лаврова (2007), Л.Ю. Касьянова (2008), Т.М. Ажигова (2011), М.И. Тибилова (2011),

И.Г. Щербакова (2011), Г.О. Кипарисов (2011), Е.М. Ефремова (2012), Ю.В. Лунева (2012), Н.Н. Тимошенко (2012), Ху Пэй-пэй (2012), Н.В. Глинкина (2013), Ю.В. Калугина (2013), В.А. Голец (2015), А.А. Грешнякова (2015) и др.

Научная новизна диссертации состоит в том, что образование новых слов впервые рассматривается как сложный динамический процесс, протекающий в дискурсе американских СМИ, в который наряду со словообразовательными средствами вовлечены способы концептуализации внешних по отношению к носителю языка событий и явлений. Новым является материал исследования -публикации в электронных версиях американских газет The New York Post и The New York Daily News в строго заданный период времени: с 2005 по 2020 год.

Объектом исследования являются новые лексические единицы (НЛЕ) в американских в газетах The New York Post и The New York Daily News.

Предметом исследования выступают структурно-семантические и прагматические особенности НЛЕ, зафиксированных в американских газетах The New York Post и The New York Daily News в период 2005-2020 гг.

Цель работы - установить структурно-семантические и прагматические особенности новых лексических единиц, зафиксированных в американских газетах The New York Post и The New York Daily News в период 2005-2020 гг.

Для достижения поставленной цели решался комплекс исследовательских задач:

• определить основные проблемы неологии и задачи лингвопрагматики;

• выявить целевую аудиторию изучаемых американских газет;

• выявить особенности языка американских газет;

• выявить новые лексические единицы в интернет-изданиях газет The New-York Post и The New-York Daily News;

• определить основные причины, способствующие возникновению новых слов в рассматриваемых СМИ;

• установить способы концептуализации салиентных явлений в общественной жизни;

• составить классификацию НЛЕ в соответствии с понятийными и денотативными сферами;

• выявить основные продуктивные способы образования НЛЕ;

• исследовать структурно-семантические особенности НЛЕ;

• выявить динамику процесса словообразования НЛЕ;

• исследовать разграничительную функцию НЛЕ в понятийной сфере «свой - чужой»;

• исследовать прагматические особенности НЛЕ, используемых в изучаемых американских СМИ.

Теоретическая значимость диссертационного исследования заключается в дальнейшем развитии идей неологии как новой отрасли лингвистического знания и обогащении имеющихся сведений об условиях появления новых слов в дискурсе американских СМИ.

Практическая значимость. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы в курсах по лексикологии английского языка и языку американских СМИ на уровне бакалавриата, а также в учебных глоссариях и пособиях по чтению современной американской прессы.

Материалом исследования послужили публикации в газетах The New York Post и The New York Daily News общим объемом 1 032 810 печатных знаков, из которых было отобрано 379 новых лексических единиц, подвергнутых дальнейшему анализу. Материал исследования верифицировался в словарях Merriam Webster, Urban Dichionary, www.dichionary.com.

Выбор указанных газет был обусловлен различиями в их политической ориентации: газета The New York Post освещает события с позиции республиканских взглядов, тогда как The New York Daily News представляет видение демократически настроенных избирателей. Интерес представляет факт освещения одних и тех же новостных событий с разных политических точек зрения. The New York Post и The New York Daily News издаются в Нью-Йорке, являются ежедневными изданиями и входят в десятку самых популярных газет в США.

В основу проведенного исследования положена гипотеза о том, что появление НЛЕ в американских СМИ обусловлено а) их востребованностью в определенных понятийных и денотативных областях и б) сдвигами в концептуализации знакомых явлений, которые поддерживаются и распространяются СМИ.

В работе используются как синонимичные термины «неологизм» и «новая лексическая единица», под которыми понимаются как отдельные слова, так и словосочетания, чья форма и значения воспринимаются как новые и отличающиеся новыми социокультурными смыслами [Кольцова 2017: 605].

Под денотативной сферой (денотативным пространством) в работе понимается совокупность лексических единиц, содержание которых указывает на их предметную отнесенность, т.е. «множество объектов действительности» [Васильева 1995: 30], объединяемых в языковом сознании в одну группу или пространство на основе их принадлежности к одной и той же области деятельности людей. В денотативном пространстве отражаются знания носителей языка об организации предметного и «процессуально-событийного мира» [Бабенко 1998: 4].

В понятийную, или концептуальную сферу (пространство) объединены новые лексические единицы, отражающие «существующее в сознании носителей культуры знание, выраженное в определенных языковых стереотипах» [Никитина 1991: 117-118].

В работе были использованы следующие методы:

1) описательный метод, предполагающий выборку, классификацию, описание материала;

2) структурный метод для раскрытия основных структурных средств, типов и моделей новых лексических единиц;

3) коммуникативно-прагматический метод, нацеленный на изучение особенностей употребления языка в зависимости от ситуации общения;

4) когнитивный метод, соотносящий языковые формы с их когнитивными структурами и определяющий роль языковых значений в фиксации концептуального содержания [Кригер 2019а: 48].

На защиту выносятся следующие положения:

1. Газеты The New York Post и The New York Daily News сообщают читателям о технологических и мировоззренческих изменениях в обществе без задержки во времени и используют при этом новые лексические единицы, основное назначение которых - воздействие на читательскую аудиторию с целью сформировать новое или изменить существующее отношение к отдельным явлениям и событиям. Эффективность образования новых лексических единиц обеспечивается за счет:

а) использования продуктивных и легко распознаваемых носителями языка моделей образования новых слов;

б) создания коммуникативных или неконвенциональных импликатур, зависящих от контекста высказывания.

2. Основными способами образования новых лексических единиц, зафиксированных в газетах The New York Post и The New York Daily News в период 2005-2020 гг., являются словосложение, контаминация, аббревиация и вторичная номинация. Наименее частотным способом пополнения лексического состава современного английского языка в рамках исследованного материала являются заимствования.

3. НЛЕ, используемые в газетах The New York Post и The New York Daily News в период 2005-2020 гг., передают новые смыслы, связанные с актуализацией в речи представлений об этнической, культурной и иной идентичности, а также концепта «свой - чужой».

4. Основная прагматическая особенность исследованных новых слов состоит в стремлении авторов публикаций использовать данные единицы для популяризации технологических новшеств, сглаживания социальных различий в обществе, уменьшения отрицательных смыслов социально-политических явлений и распространении идеи толерантности.

Апробация результатов исследования. Основные результаты диссертационного исследования изложены в докладах на ежегодных научно-практических конференциях:

1. Двенадцатой международной научной конференции «Язык, коммуникация, перевод» (Москва, Военный университет, 29 июня 2018 г.).

2. Четвертой международной научно-практической конференции «Стратегии межкультурной коммуникации в современном мире: язык, образование, культура» (Москва, НИУ «Высшая школа экономики», 6 декабря 2018 г.).

3. Второй межвузовской научно-практической конференции магистрантов и аспирантов «Современная англистика и американистика: актуальные проблемы лингвистики и литературоведения» (Москва, МГПУ, 23 апреля 2019 г.).

4. Второй международной научно-практической конференции «Германистика 2019: Nove et nova» (Москва, МГЛУ, 10-12 апреля 2019 г.).

5. XXII международной научно-практической конференции «Научный форум: филология, искусствоведение и культурология», Москва, (21 января 2019 г).

Основные положения исследованеия нашли отражения в 9 статьях общим объемом 7,9 п.л. из них 5 были опубликованы в рецензируемых научных журналах, рекомендованных ВАК.

Структура диссертации определена целью и задачами исследования. Диссертация состоит из введения, трех глав, заключения, списка литературы, содержащего 380 наименований, в том числе 240 на английском языке, и приложения.

Во введении обосновывается выбор темы, раскрывается ее актуальность и научная новизна, теоретическая и практическая значимость исследования, определяются цель и задачи работы, методы исследования.

Первая глава обобщает теоретические основы исследования: изучаются подходы к определению понятий «неология», «неологизм», уточняется положение неологии по отношению к другим разделам языкознания (лингвистики).

Во второй главе исследуются структурно-семантические особенности новых лексических единиц в тематических группах: повседневная жизнь; социальные и политические события и явления, характеристика качеств людей, предметов и явлений; технология и медицина; бизнес и юриспруденция. Рассматриваются различные способы и модели словообразования, которые были использованы в исследованных НЛЕ.

В третьей главе с позиций коммуникативно-прагматического и когнитивного подходов описаны прагматические особенности обнаруженных в газетных текстах новых лексических единиц, относящихся к понятийным сферам «свой - чужой», «развитие медицины, технологий и бизнеса». Новые единицы рассматриваются как способ самовыражения автора и как отличительная особенность различных социальных, этнических и возрастных групп.

В заключении обобщаются результаты исследования.

Список литературы представляет собой систематизированный перечень научных изданий, словарей, справочников, источников примеров.

Приложение содержится в отдельном томе и включает весь корпус проанализированных в диссертации единиц с указанием контекстов их употребления и источников.

Основная часть ГЛАВА 1. ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ 1.1. Проблема лингвистического исследования новых слов

Исследование новых слов, причин их появления, способов образования не утрачивает своей актуальности на протяжении более чем тридцати лет. Именно столько насчитывает период существования неологии как особого раздела языкознания, теоретические основы которого были заложены в статье Н.З. Котеловой, опубликованной в 1988 году [Котелова 1988]. Выделение неологии в самостоятельный раздел языкознания стало возможным благодаря тому, что с научной точки зрения непрерывное обновление языка стали рассматривать как его категориальное свойство.

Н.З. Котелова утверждала, что «неология имеет прямые выходы не только в разнообразные конкретные области лингвистики, но и в проблематику общей теории языка» [Котелова 1988: 61]. Как отмечается в более поздних работах, «проблематика неологии охватывает и такие темы, как выявление способов опознания новых слов, значений, устойчивых сочетаний; анализ причин их появления; изучение моделей, по которым создаются новообразования; разработка оснований для общественного принятия или неприятия неологизмов, языковой политики в их отношении» [Гацалова 2005: 12].

Некоторые ученые, например Л.Б. Гацалова, О.В. Григоренко, рассматривают неологию в качестве отрасли лексикологии и лексикографии [Гацалова, 2005, Григоренко, 2010]. Другие исследователи, например А. Ренуф, [Renouf 2013: 177] включают в данный раздел лингвистики семантическую, лексическую и грамматическую неологию.

Предметом семантической неологии являются вновь появившиеся смыслы, идентификация которых возможна только в некотором коллокационном окружении, поскольку новый смысл проявляется во взаимодействии с иными словами, нежели те, в которых раскрываются старые смыслы существующего слова. Лексическая неология представляет собой изучение образования новых слов в диахронической ретроспективе и основывается на исторических корпусах.

В фокусе грамматической неологии находятся такие явления, как, например, конверсия [Renouf 2013].

В последние годы сложилось понятие когнитивной неологии. В её основе лежит когнитивно-дискурсивный подход к решению следующих вопросов:

- «какой концептуальный материал группируется в новых словах <...>;

- какие именно концепты использовались чаще всего при категоризации и членении мира последних десятилетий <...>;

- какие способы вербализации мира наиболее активно использовались в последние десятилетия» [Заботкина 2009: 337].

Следуя в фарватере современных лингвистических подходов, специалисты в области неологии весьма продуктивно пользуются современным диахроническим корпусным методом исследования (modern diachronic corpus-based). Антуанетт Ренуф, описывая методологию предпринятого ею исследования новых слов (наречий) в новостных текстах, объясняет современный диахронический метод (или подход) как диахроническое исследование в рамках короткого периода развития языка, доступного наблюдению исследователя. Так, она ограничила свою работу периодом с 1984 по 2012 год и анализировала такие лексические единицы, которые большие базы данных традиционно игнорируют, поскольку чаще всего считают эти единицы ошибками, не имеющими никакой лингвистической значимости [Renouf 2016]. А. Ренуф придерживается точки зрения, что подобные единицы могут быть индикаторами разворачивающегося семантического процесса и их скорее следует рассматривать в качестве необычных или идиосинкразических употреблений [Renouf 2016: 159].

То обстоятельство, что неология имеет выходы в проблематику общей теории языка, о чем в свое время писала Н.З. Котелова, в современных научных изысканиях нашло отражение в понятии неявная неология, которое сформировалось под влиянием креативного говорения, которое, по мнению исследователей, «приобретает сегодня всеобщий мандат» [Азарова 2019: 88]. Неявная неология не ограничивается «аспектом новых слов и грамматики, стилистики» и «предстает в виде идиоматической (неразложимой, или

неаналитической) новизны, которая избегает <...> фирменных языковых приемов» [там же]. Новизна формы и смысла как бы скрыта и проявляется в том, что на первый взгляд воспринимается как старое и уже известное.

К основным задачам, которые стоят перед современной неологией, можно отнести следующие:

- выявление путей идентификации новых слов и значений;

- анализ факторов их появления в соответствии с прагматическими потребностями общества;

- изучение способов и моделей их создания и ограничений на их употребление;

- разработка критериев отношения к ним (их принятие или нет) в различных социопрофессиональных, возрастных и прочих группах;

- лексикографическая обработка с указанием прагматических ограничений на употребление в различных ситуациях общения с учетом социальной дифференциации языка [Новиков 2010: 142-143; Марченко 2010: 149].

Новое слово - это предмет и базовое понятие неологии. Научно обоснованное определение этого понятия представляет собой широкий спектр синонимов: «инновация, неолексема, неологизм, неономинация, новообразование, новация и т.п.» [Касьянова 2008: 51].

Несмотря на такое терминологическое многообразие, предпочтение отдается термину неологизм, поскольку он «представляется семантически наиболее емким, терминологически четким и оправданным с точки зрения неологии» [там же]. Другие лингвисты, включая Е.В. Маринову, Т.С. Пристайко, вместо термина «неологизм» применяют термин «инновация», обосновывая это тем, что в современных условиях развития языкознания первый термин по определенным причинам их не удовлетворяет [Маринова 2003]. Но большинство из этих авторов слово «инновация» применяют как синоним слов «неологизм» и словосочетаний «новое слово», «неологическое слово» [Пристайко 2009].

По мнению автора данной диссертации, употребление термина «инновация» вместо термина «неологизм» - это дань современной литературной моде наряду с таким понятием, как «дорожная карта» вместо «план».

С учетом теоретических исследований отечественных и зарубежных лингвистов в области неологии, направленных на определение лингвистического статуса неологизмов, следует рассматривать неологизм как социально-историческую категорию, дающую представление о многогранной относительности понятия «новое» [Абросимова 2003: 7].

В дискуссии относительно статуса новых слов одно из центральных мест занимает вопрос соотношения узуального и окказионального употребления новых слов, узуса и языковой нормы. Соответственно, выделяют следующую триаду новых слов: потенциальное слово - окказионализм - неологизм.

Особенность термина «потенциальное слово» заключается в том, что он «обозначает единицу тождественную, но не равную окказиональному слову, в других он выступает синонимом термина "окказионализм"» [Захарова 2013: 14]. А.И. Смирницкий основным признаком потенциального слова считал отсутствие слова в массовом обращении: «...всякое созданное в речи на данный случай слово... может войти в обращение <...> но до тех пор, пока такое слово <...> не стало воспроизводиться в общественном масштабе в процессе общения, оно, собственно, может быть признано лишь "потенциальным" словом <...> не вошедшим в словарный состав языка» [Смирницкий 1954: 5].

Окказионализмы - это «неологизмы одноразового использования (в конкретном тексте или акте речи) [Васильева 1995: 72]. Вызванные к жизни потребностью кратковременной ситуации, окказионализмы «представляют собой речевые явления, которые не соответствуют общепринятым языковым нормам и, как правило, не получают общественного признания» [Несветайло 2008: 146]. Нередко окказионализмы рассматривают как индивидуально-авторские языковые новации, однако связь с генератором новшества не имеет принципиального значения в общей теории неологии, поскольку окказионализмы могут возникать, например, в социальных сетях, блогосфере, электронных СМИ и т.д. Значимым

является то обстоятельство, что окказионализмы появляются в результате нарушения традиционных способов образования новых слов или в результате нетипичного соединения этих способов.

Среди лингвистов нет единого мнения относительно деления лексических новообразований на потенциальные и окказиональные слова, как нет и единства в определении самих терминов. Так, в результате исследования, предпринятого Л.А. Грузберг и А.А. Грузберг, было установлено 50 определений термина окказионализм, типичными компонентами которых были: «'созданное по случаю', 'противопоставлено узуальному слову', 'факт речи, а не языка', 'ненормативное', 'экспрессивное', 'творимое, а не воспроизводимое', 'индивидуально-авторское', 'прикрепленное к определенному контексту'» [Грузберг 2011]. Однако, как отмечают исследователи, ни в одном из проанализированных определений не встречается одновременного использования всех указанных компонентов.

Термин потенциальное слово вызывает сомнения, поскольку, как писала Н.И. Фельдман, «окказиональные слова прежних лет, которые не вошли в язык в течение десятилетий, не имеют <...> "потенции" войти в него и впредь» [Фельдман 1957: 66]. Мысли о близости и различии между потенциальным словом и окказионализмом, высказываемые разными учеными, тем не менее можно представить как единую идею об использовании или неиспользовании (нарушении) продуктивных моделей, существующих в языке, в создании новых лексических единиц [подробно см. Захарова 2013].

Окказионализмы, в отличие от неологизмов, представляют собой слова, «образуемые "по случаю", в конкретных условиях речевой коммуникации и, как правило, противоречащие языковой норме, отклоняющиеся от привычных способов образования слов в данном языке» [Грузберг 2011]. Важным признаком окказионализма в сравнении с простым неологизмом является то, что он «сохраняет свою новизну, свежесть независимо от реального времени <... > создания» [Земская 2013: 229].

Предвидя возможность широкого толкования понятия неологизм, Н.З. Котелова предлагает систему из четырех параметров, которые конкретизируют как собственно неологизм, так и само свойство новизны.

Время - это тот параметр, благодаря которому можно выделить «слова какого-либо периода, которых не было в предшествующий период» [Котелова 2015: 189]. Применение этого критерия требует обязательного установления временных границ того периода, внутри которого проводится поиск неологизмов, и другого периода, по отношению к которому осуществляется сравнение. Н.З. Котелова пишет о некорректности постановки проблемы новых слов, например, XIII века или новых слов «эпохи французской революции» [там же]. Помимо этого исследователь настаивает на точном применении временного критерия и потому считала утверждение о том, что новые слова - это «слова, возникшие на памяти применяющего их поколения» (Б.Н. Головин), лишенным неологической релевантности [Котелова 2015: 189].

Языковое пространство, или сферы и жанры употребления, Н.З. Котелова рассматривает как критерий, который позволяет определить, «где именно эти слова новые, и сопоставлять их с составом слов другого временного периода и того же ареала» [Котелова 2015: 190]. Показателен в этом отношении пример слов верховик и запуржить, которые в 60-х годах XX века в литературном языке в сравнении с 1917 годом были новыми , но не являлись таковыми в русском языке вообще, в частности в диалектах [там же].

Третий критерий выделения неологизма фактически представляет собой ответ на вопрос: «Что новое?» [там же].

Четвертый параметр связан с ответом на вопрос: «Какие структурные признаки слова позволяют считать его новым словом»? [Котелова 2015: 192].

Список литературы диссертационного исследования кандидат наук Кригер Елена Ивановна, 2022 год

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169. Bob, Goldsborough. Merle Phillips, author and rare Illinois supercentenarian, dies at 111. 20.08.2018 [Electronic resource] / Goldsborough Bob. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/ct-met-merle-phillips-obit-20180820-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

1670. Bob, Fredericks. Supreme Court silent on trump's appeals to end DACA.

22.01.2019 [Electronic resource] / Fredericks Bob. - URL: www//nypost.com/2019/-01/22/supreme-court-silent-on-trumps-appeals-to-end-daca// (date of access: 16.12.2019).

171. Brook, Olsen Romney. US students need a cellphone detox. 05.09.2018 [Electronic resource] / Romney Brook Olsen. - URL: www//nydailynews.com/mc-opi-cellphone-students-crisis-20180904-story.html (date of access: 16.12.2019).

172. Brook, Steinberg. Barbie's new doll collection has something for everyone.

30.01.2020 [Electronic resource] / Steinberg Brook. - URL: https://nypost.com/2020/-01/30/barbies-new-doll-collection-has-something-for-everyone/ (date of access: 11.04.2020).

173. Brown, Ruth. Wannabe terrorist college student gets 20 years in prison // New York Post. 2018 [Electronic resource] / Ruth Brown. - URL: www://nypost.com/2018/-02/06/wannabe-terrorist-college-student-gets-20-years-in-prison/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

174. By the Active Times. Unforgettable bucket list trips on a budget. 09.01.2019 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/featured/sns-unforgettab-le-bucket-list-trips-on-a-budget-20190109-photogallery.html (date of access: 16.12.2019).

175. By AFP Relaxnews. Chick lit heroines can have a negative effect on women's body image: study. 06.02.2013 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/life-style/health/chick-lit-feel-fat-study-article-1.1256760

176. By Associated Press, EasyJet says it will operate net-zero-carbon flights. 19.11.2019 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/11/19/easyjet-says-it-will-operate-net-zero-carbon-flights/

177. By Associated Press. Mall of America slasher says Islamic State inspired attack // New York Post. 29.01.2018 [Electronic resource]. - URL: www://nypost.com/2018/-

01/29/mall-of-america-slasher-says-islamic-state-inspired-attack/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

178. By Associated Press, Russian cyberspies stole sensitive US defense technology // New York Post. 2018 [Electronic resource]. - URL: www://nypost.com/2018/02/07/-russian-cyberspies-stole-sensitive-us-defense-technology/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

179. By Associated Press. Merriam Webster adds new words. 07.02.2017 [Electronic resource]. - URL: www//nydailynews.com/news/national/merriam-webster-adds-new-words-including-microaggression-article/ (date of access: 16.12.2019).

180. By Associated Press. Russia defends its veto of UN resolution on Syria. 07.10.2011 [Electronic resource]. - URL: www// www.nydailynews.com/sdut-russia-defends-its-veto-of-un-resolution-on-syria-2011oct07-story.html/ (date of access: 16.12.2019).

181. By Associated Press, 'Conlang,' 'microaggression' among Merriam-Webster's new words. 07.02.2017 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://nypost.com/2017/02/07/-conlang-microaggression-among-merriam-websters-new-words/ (date of access: 16.12.2019).

182. By Associated Press, Bill to create separate Russian internet gets first approval. 12.02.2019 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/02/12/bill-to-create-separate-russian-internet-gets-first-approval/ (date of access: 16.12.2019).

183. By Associated Press. Starbucks offers sparkling Crystal Ball Frappucino. 22.03.2018 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/newswi-res/news/business/starbucks-offers-sparkling-crystal-ball-frappucino-buzz-article-1.3889102 (date of access: 16.12.2019).

184. By Associated Press, Scrabble adds 300 new words including 'OK' and 'ew'. 24.09.2018 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/news/natio-nal/ny-news-scrabble-adds-300-new-words-ok-20180924-story.html (date of access: 16.12.2019).

185. By Associated Press. 'Conlang,' 'microaggression' among Merriam-Webster's new words. 07.02.2017 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://nypost.com/2017/02/07/-conlang-microaggression-among-merriam-websters-new-words/ (date of access: 16.12.2019).

186. By Associated Press. Bill to create separate Russian internet gets first approval. 12.02.2019 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/02/12/bill-to-create-separate-russian-internet-gets-first-approval/ (date of access: 16.12.2019).

187. By Editorials. Look it up, rando: We just pwnd the Oxford English Dictionary. 31.08.2015 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/edi-torial-rando-article-1.2341105 (date of access: 16.12.2019).

188. By Fox News. Gamer accused of kidnapping girl he met playing Minecraft // New York Post. 2018 [Electronic resource]. - URL: www://nypost.com/2018/02/19/gamer-accused-of-kidnapping-girl-he-met-playing-minecraft/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

189. By Post Staff Report. Egipt, Israel are secretly fighting against ISIS together.

04.02.2018 [Electronic resource]. - URL: www//nypost.com/2018/02/04/egypt-israel-are-secretly-fighting-against-isis-together/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

190. By Post Staff Report. Egypt, Israel are secretly fighting against ISIS together // New York Post. 04.02.2018 [Electronic resource]. - URL: www://nypost.com/2018/-02/04/egypt-israel-are-secretly-fighting-against-isis-together/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

191. By Post Staff Report. The Post Becomes New York's most-read Sunday tabloid.

23.05.2019 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/05/23/the-post-becomes-new-yorks-most-read-sunday-tabloid/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

192. By Post Editorial Board. Israel exposes limits of US intel, Starbucks caves to extremists, and other comments. 01.05.2018 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://ny-post.com/2018/05/01/israel-exposes-limits-of-us-intel-starbucks-caves-to-extremists-and-other-comments/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

193. By Reuters, Target shares spike on strong holiday season outlook. 20.11.2019 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/11/20/target-shares-spike-on-strong-holiday-season-outlook/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

194. By Reuters. Tough-talking Trump defense lawyer says he's no 'snowflake'. 22.06.2017 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/newswires/-news/national/tough-talking-trump-defense-lawyer-no-snowflake-article-1.3270920 (date of access: 17.12.2019).

195. By Reuters .Sprint sues AT&T over '5G' wireless branding. 08.02.2019 [Electronic resource]. - URL:https://nypost.com/2019/02/08/sprint-sues-att-over-5g-wireless-branding/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

196. By Reuters. Volkswagen to invest $800M to build electric vehicles in US. 14.01.2019 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/01/14/volkswagen-to-invest-800m-to-build-electric-vehicles-in-us/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

197. By Reuters. Heading to Sahel, France's Macron scrambles for exit strategy.

30.06.2017 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/newswires/-news/world/heading-sahel-france-macron-scrambles-exit-strategy-article-1.3290616 (date of access: 17.12.2019).

198. By Reuters. EU data watchdog raises concerns over Microsoft contracts. 21.10.2019 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/10/21/eu-data-watchdog-raises-concerns-over-microsoft-contracts/ (date of access: 21.10.2019).

199. By U-T letter writers. UC San Diego misses the mark with the Latinx designation.

07.12.2018 [Electronic resource]. - URL: www//nydailynews.com/sd-le-latinx-ucsd-chicano-latinos-utak-2018/12/07/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

200. Carolyn, Kepcher. Free lessons on speaking skills from Barack Obama and John McCain. 24.10.2008 [Electronic resource] / Kepcher Carolyn. - URL: https://www.nydai-lynews.com/news/money/free-lessons-speaking-skills-barack-obama-john-mccain-article-1.300972 (date of access: 17.12.2019).

201. Christopher, Cameron. Martha Stewart takes page from Trump's playbook with branded real estate. 13.11.2019 [Electronic resource] / Cameron Christopher. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/11/13/martha-stewart-takes-page-from-trumps-playbook-with-branded-real-estate/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

202. Christine, Burroni. Nina Agdal's path to becoming major Instagram #fitspo.

29.08.2019 [Electronic resource] / Burroni Christine. - URL: https://pagesix.com/-2019/08/29/nina-agdals-path-to-becoming-major-instagram-fitspo/?_ga=2.87256411.-216587388.1580046199-653183712.1547291561 (date of access: 17.12.2019).

203. Chris, Bunting. 10 reasons Fort Lauderdale is better at life than Miami. 03.04.2015 [Electronic resource] / Bunting Chris. - URL: https://nypost.com/2015/04/03/10-reasons-fort-lauderdale-is-better-at-life-than-miami/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

204. Chris, Mills. Twitter finally shutting down 'Elon Musk' cryptocurrency scammers.

26.07.2018 [Electronic resource] / Mills Chris. - URL: https://nypost.com/-2018/07/26/twitter-finally-shutting-down-elon-musk-cryptocurrency-scammers/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

205. Christine, Burroni. Nina Agdal's path to becoming major Instagram #fitspo.

29.08.2019 [Electronic resource] / Burroni Christine. - URL: https://pagesix.com/-2019/08/29/nina-agdals-path-to-becoming-maj or-instagram-fitspo/?_ga=2. (date of access: 17.12.2019).

206. Crudele, John. Why Dems will regret a probe into Russian election hacking // New York Post. 06.03.2017 [Electronic resource] / John Crudele. - URL: www://ny-post.com/2017/03/06/why-dems-will-regret-a-probe-into-russian-election-hacking/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

207. Daisy, Nichols. The problem with zoodles. 27.04.2018 [Electronic resource] / Nichols Daisy. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/sns-dailymeal-1910816-cook-problem-zoodles-20180427-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

208. Danielle, Furfaro. Here's what Uber's flying taxis might look like. 08.05.2018 [Electronic resource] / Furfaro Danielle. - URL: https://nypost.com/2018/05/08/heres-what-ubers-flying-taxis-might-look-like/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

209. Dave, Goldiner. Trump resumes bromance with Putin, leaders chat about 'no collusion' Mueller report. 03.05.2019 [Electronic resource] / Goldiner Dave. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/ny-trump-putin-phone-call-mueller-201 -90503-zznlq2egsrhn3cn533tigktqrm-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

210. David, Boroff. Gunman with 'thug life' tattoo on stomach shot by investigator as he tried to rob CVS. 07.11.2017 [Electronic resource] / Boroff David. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/news/crime/ thug-life-gunman-shot-investigator-rob-cvs-article-/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

211. David, Horsey. Roger Ailes and Donald Trump are kindred masters of 'truthiness'. 08.09.2016 [Electronic resource] / Horsey David. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/la-na-tt-ailes-trump-20160908-snap-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

212. David, Black. Here comes predictive policing: The next wave of crime fighting technology is being tested in New York City. 24.01.2016 [Electronic resource] / Black David. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/davidundoco-black-predictive-policing-article-1.2506580 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

213. David, Landsel. Drive smarter. 11.04.2011 [Electronic resource] / Landsel David. -URL: https://nypost.com/2011/04/11/drive-smarter/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

214. Dave, Rosenthal. On prosopagnosia (face blindness) and Oliver Sacks. 26.08.2010 [Electronic resource] / Rosenthal Dave. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/bs-mtblog-2010-08-on_prosopagnosia_face_ blindnes-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

215. Dennis, Slattery. Chris Sommerfeldt. Trump demands wall cash in fact-challenged Oval Office address, as shutdown set to become longest in history. 08.01.2019 [Electronic resource] / Slattery Dennis. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/news/politics/ny-pol-trump-address-oval-office-border-shutdown-20190108-story.html (date of access: 15.01.2020).

216. Doree, Lewak. Meet the man behind NYC's favorite pun-filled showdown. 21.07.2018 [Electronic resource] / Lewak Doree. - URL: https://nypost.com/-2018/07/21/meet-the-man-behind-nycs-favorite-pun-filled-showdown/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

217. David, Samadi. The challenges of determining the proper cancer treatment. 04.04.2016 [Electronic resource] / Samadi David. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/life-style/challenges-determining-proper-cancer-treatment-article-1.2588209 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

218. Editorials. Look it up, rando: We just pwnd the Oxford English Dictionary. 31.08.2015 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/edito-rial-rando-article-1.2341105 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

219. Editorials, President Trump's planned meeting with Kim Jong Un carries huge risks, and potential rewards. 09.03.2018 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/ opinion/trump- planned-meeting-kim-carries-huge-risks-article-1.3865456 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

220. Elizabeth, Winn. Nick Cannon raps back at Eminem in his diss track, 'The Invitation'. 10.12.2019 [Electronic resource] / Winn Elizabeth. - URL: https://www.ny-dailynews.com/snyde/ny-eminem-nick-cannon-mariah-carey-the-invitation-rap-invitati-on-tweet-20191210-fpca7hbu7jfwddw5zow5i3iydu-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

221. Elizabeth, Grieco. Americans' main sources for political news vary by party and age. 01.04.2020 [Electronic resource] / Grieco Elizabeth. - URL: https://www.pew-research.org/fact-tank/2020/04/01/americans-main-sources-for-political-news-vary-by-party-and-age/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

222. Ellen, Moynihan. New Hampshire teen finally comfortable in her own skin after recent transgender surgery at Mount Sinai Hospital. 24.07.2019 [Electronic resource] / Moynihan Ellen, Guse Clayton, McShane Larry. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/new-york/manhattan/ny-teen-transgender-surgery-20190724-hca7wabrlbe-thco3lj3e3dqevy-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

223. Ellen, Moynihan. Dog's best friends! 26.01.2019 [Electronic resource] / Moynihan Ellen. - URL: www//nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-crime/ny-metro-cops-find-stolen-dog-2019/01/26/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

224. Emily, Selleck. Oxford Dictionaries says this is the word of the year. 19.11.2018 [Electronic resource] / Selleck Emily. - URL: https://nypost.com/2018/11/19/oxford-dictionaries-says-this-is-the-word-of-the-year/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

225. Emily, Kirkcpatrick. Why do all Kylie friends dress exactly like her? 17.07.2019 [Electronic resource] / Kirkcpatrick Emily. - URL: https://pagesix.com/2019/-07/17/why-do-all-of-kylie-jenners-friends-dress-exactly-like-her/#1 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

226. Errol, Louis. Get 'working,' not 'woke,' Dems: An economic message is the path to victory in 2020. 03.07.2019 [Electronic resource] / Louis Errol. - URL:

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227. Eric, Hedgedus. Liza Minnelli shades Renée Zellweger, won't see 'Judy' biopic about her mom. 04.02.2020 [Electronic resource] / Hedgedus Eric. - URL: https://nypost.com/2020/02/04/liza-minnelli-shades-renee-zellweger-wont-see-judy-biopic-about-her-mom/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

228. Erik, Maza. Baltimore vs. Miami: a charticle, 01.10.2010 [Electronic resource] / Maza Erik. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/bs-mtblog-2010-10 baltimo-re_vs_miami_a_charticle-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

229. Erik, Hegedus. Disney+ streaming service comes with vault of racist content. 13.11.2019 [Electronic resource] / Hegedus Erik. - URL: www//nypost.com/2019/11/-13/disney-catches-heat-for-streaming-movies-with-racist-content/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

230. Eric, Spitznagel. What your kid needs to learn at summer camp. 04.08.2018 [Electronic resource] / Spitznagel Eric. - URL: https://nypost.com/2018/08/04/what-your-kid-needs-to-learn-at-summer-camp/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

231. Esha, Vaish. Microflats attract investor cash as millennials embrace co-living7 23.08.2017 [Electronic resource] / Vaish Esha. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/-newswires/news/business/microflats-attract-investor-cash-millennials-embrace-co-li-ving-article-1.3435206 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

232. Eustachewich, Lia. ISIS propaganda video shows deadly ambush on US soldiers In Niger [Electronic resource] / Lia Eustachewich // New York Post. 2018. - URL: www://nypost.com/2018/03/05/isis-propaganda-video-shows-deadly-ambush-on-us-soldiers-in-niger/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

233. Fottrell, Quentin. How online dating could bridge the racial divide [Electronic resource] / Quentin Fottrell // New York Post. 2018. - URL: www://nypost.com/-2018/02/13/how-online-dating-could-bridge-the-racial-divide/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

234. Friedricks, Bob. Sanders: Hillary ignored warnings about Russian trolls [Electronic resource] / Bob Friedricks // New York Post. 2018. - URL: www://ny-

post.com/2018/02/22/bernie-hillary-had-more-info-on-russian-meddling-than-me- yet-did-nothing/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

235. F.H. Buckley. Thanks to Dems and Trump, this year's campaigns mostly dodged the real issues. 04.11.2018 [Electronic resource] / Buckley F.H. - URL: https://nypost.com/2018/11/04/thanks-to-dems-and-trump-this-years-campaigns-most-ly-dodged-the-real-issues/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

236. Giancarlo, Sopo. Conservatives should stop funding anti-American Studies on campus. 22.12.2019 [Electronic resource] / Sopo Giancarlo. - URL: https://nypost.com/-2019/12/22/conservatives-should-stop-funding-anti-american-studies-on-campus/?_ga=2.65780206.1997040740.1580716174-1767694795.1544516721 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

237. George, Loewenstein. Slaves to our smartphones. 02.06.2014 [Electronic resource] / Loewenstein George, Mosse Daniel. - URL: https://www.ny daily-news.com/opinion/slaves-smartphones-article-1.1811936/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

238. Greig, McCallum. US citizens should take a lesson from Brexit vote. 13.10.2016 [Electronic resource] / McCallum Greig. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/fl-letter-election-brexit-20161013-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

239. Greg, Norman. Brazil's environment minister trolls climate activists with meat platter. 18.12.2019 [Electronic resource] / Norman Greg. - URL: https://nypost.com/-2019/12/18/brazils-environment-minister-trolls-climate-activists-with-meat-platter/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

240. Hanna, Fishberg. White women paying $2.5K for a dinner to learn how they're racist. 04.02.2020 [Electronic resource] / Fishberg Hanna. - URL: https://nypost.com/-2020/02/04/white-women-paying-2-5k-for-a-dinner-to-learn-how-theyreracist/?utm_-campaign=iosapp&utm_source =mail _app (date of access: 15.02.2019).

241. Hannah, Sparks. These animal diseases pose the biggest threat to humanity: CDC. 07.05.2019 [Electronic resource] / Sparks Hannah. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/-05/07/these-animal-diseases-pose-the-biggest-threat-to-humanity-cdc/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

242. Holly, van Hare. Alcohol is never good for you, buzzkill study claims 2018.

24.08.2018 [Electronic resource] / van Hare Holly. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/sns-dailymeal-1943269-healthy-eating-alcohol-health-risks-study-082418-20180824-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

243. Haniza, Shaban. Facebook buys TBH, an app for teens. 17.10.2017 [Electronic resource] / Shaban Haniza. - URL: www//nydailynews.com/la-fi-tn-facebook-tbh-2017/10/17/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

244. Jacqueline, Cutler. Bingewatching may lead to depression and other health problems: study [Electronic resource] / Cutler Jacqueline. 03.11.2015. - URL: www//nydailynews.com/life-style/health/binge-watching-leads-depression-health-pro-blems-article/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

245. Jackie, Cooperman. What keeps theses Italian island dwellers so long-lived? Great food. 26.03.2018 [Electronic resource] / Cooperman Jackie. - URL: https://nypost.com/2018/03/26/what-keeps-these-italian-island-dwellers-so-long-lived-great-food/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

246. Jami, Ganz. Will Smith hit with 'colorism' backlash after new role announced.

05.03.2019 [Electronic resource] / Ganz Jami. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/-entertainment/movies/ny-ent-will-smith-king-richard-backlash-20190305-story.html (date of access: 17.12.2019).

247. Janet, Kinosian. Elizabeth Moss. 17.10.2014 [Electronic resource] / Kinosian Janet. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/la-ig-elisabeth-moss-20141019-story.html (date of access: 17.12.2019).

248. Jason, Silverstein. Oklahoma university president: School is not a 'day care' or 'safe space'. 30.11.2015 [Electronic resource] / Silverstein Jason. - URL: https://www.ny-dailynews.com/news/national/oklahoma-university-president-school-not-safe-space-article-1.2450165 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

249. Jason, Silverstein. The words and phrases of 2015: Pizza rat, transracial, acronyms, abbreviations and more. 15.12.2015 [Electronic resource] / Silverstein Jason. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/words-phrases-2015-article-1.2465564 (date of access: 21.04.2019).

250. Jeanette, Steel. More 'hot desks'. 25.10.2017 [Electronic resource] / Steel Jeanette. - URL: www//nydailynews.com/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

251. Virginia, Backaitis. Free job training is available in NYC - and it can be a lifechanger. 24.11.2019 [Electronic resource] / Backaitis Virginia. - URL: www//ny-post.com/2019/11/24/free-job-training-is-available-in-nyc-and-it-can-be-a-life-chan-ger/ (date of access: 17.12.2019).

252. Jeanette, Settembre. Zendaya brings back the mullet at the Grammys. 15.02.2016 [Electronic resource] / Settembre Jeanette. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/enter-tainment/zendaya-brings-back-mullet-grammys-article-1.2532588 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

253. Jenn, Harris. Squad goal: Try all 6 of these hot pot styles at restaurants in L.A. and O.C. 26.02.2016 [Electronic resource] / Harris Jenn. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/la-fo-hot-pot-guide-20160227-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

254. Jennifer, Sheehan. 7 great Lehigh Valley food events in July 2018. 03.07.2018 [Electronic resource] / Sheehan Jennifer. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/mc-ent-seven-foodie-events-in-july-20180618-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

255. Jerry, Bowyer. Dear president Obama: I'm only my brother's keeper if my brother is my sheep. 08.02.2012 [Electronic resource] / Bowyer Jerry. - URL: https://www.for-bes.com/sites/jerrybowyer/2012/02/08/ dear-president-obama-im-only-my-brothers-keeper-if-my-brother-is-my-sheep/#eeef335713d (date of access: 15.02.2019).

256. Jessica, Schladebeck. Mother of 20-year-old who drove into Missouri River says new video shows her daughter was 'hammered'. 21.06.2017 [Electronic resource] / Schladebeck Jessica. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/toni-ander-son-mother-daughter-hammered-death-article-1.3266153 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

257. Jessica, Bennett. Gabourey Sidibe gushes over boyfriend Brandon Frankel. 03.01.2020 [Electronic resource] / Bennett Jessica. - URL: https://pagesix.com/2020/-01/03/gabourey-sidibe-gushes-over-boyfriend-brandon-frankel/?_ga=2 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

258. Jessica, Sager. Wiz Khalifa doesn't think men should put a whole banana in their mouth. 19.07.2018 [Electronic resource] / Sager Jessica. - URL: https://pagesix.com/-2018/07/19/wiz-khalifa-has-real-issues-with-bananas/?_ga=2 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

259. Jessica, Schladebeck. Undocumented immigrant vows to 'kill more cops soon' after being found guilty of killing two California deputies. 10.02.2018 [Electronic resource] / Schladebeck Jessica. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/news/crime/illegal-immigrant-found-guilty-slaying-calif-deputies-article-1.3812041 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

260. Jim, Resnick. First Drive: A redesigned 2019 Kia K900 sneaks up to challenge the luxury establishment. 01.10.2018 [Electronic resource] / Resnick Jim. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/autos/latest-reviews/first-drive-2019-kia-k900-review-article-1.4043485 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

261. Joe, Dziemanowicz. Starbucks invents two new mocktails. 18.04.2017 [Electronic resource] / Dziemanowicz Joe. - URL: www// www.nydailynews.com/life-style/eats/-starbucks-invents-new-mocktails-article-1.3069524 (date of access: 17.12.2019).

262. John, Annese. Manspreading teen who punched Queens subway rider charged with assault: cops. 19.12.2018 [Electronic resource] / Annese John. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-crime/ny-metro-manspreader-accused-punching-subway-rider-20181219-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

263. John Aidan, Byrne. E-tailer turning to mall space as former mall merchants die. 23.11.2019 [Electronic resource] / Byrne John Aidan. - URL: https://nypost.com/-2019/11/23/e-tailers-turning-to-mall-space-as-former-mall-merchants-die/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

264. John Aidan, Byrne. US student debt might lead to the next financial crisis. 22.09.2018 [Electronic resource] / Byrne John Aidan. - URL: https://nypost.com/-2018/09/22/us-student-debt-might-lead-to-the-next-financial-crisis/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

265. Jonathan, Lehman, A simple guide to soccer for World Cup beginners. 10.06.2014 [Electronic resource] / Lehman Jonathan. - URL: https://nypost.com/2014/06/10/a-simple-guide-to-soccer-for-world-cup beginners/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

266. Johnathan, Trichter. Tabloids, Broadsheets, and Broadcast News. 16.06.2004 [Electronic resource] / Trichter Johnathan. - URL: https://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/-enwiki/62261 (date of access: 09.03.2019).

267. Joseph, Wilkinson. Smugglers cut massive hole in border wall, drive truck through it. 21.11.2019 [Electronic resource] / Wilkinson Joseph. - URL: https://www.ny-dailynews.com/news/national/ny-smugglers-cut-hole-border-wall-drive-truck-sixteen-caught-20191122-pcokjwcozvd63akn6sxhon5l3y-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

268. Joshua Rhett, Miller. 'Bye, Felicia'. 01.02.2019 [Electronic resource] / Miller Joshua Rhett. - URL: nypost.com/2019/02/01/bye-felicia-white-police-corporal-demoted-after-insulting-black-woman-on-snapchat/ (date of access: 18.12.2019).

269. June, Casagrande. A word, please! 29.10.2014 [Electronic resource] / Casagrande June. - URL: www//nydailynews.com/tn-dpt-me-1030-casagrande-2014/10/29/ (date of access: 18.12.2019).

270. Karen Meyer, Campbell. In defense of our new gig economy. 14.01.2020 [Electronic resource] / Campbell Karen Meyer. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/-opinion/ny-letter-january-14-20200114-452q67gkevgrtnvozp6xkarsea-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

271. Karol, Markowicz. Ridiculous attacks on 'American Dirt' are fresh reason to nix 'cancel culture', 2020 [Electronic resource] / Markowicz Karol. - URL: https://nypost.com/2020/02/02/ridiculous-attacks-on-american-dirt-are-fresh-reason-to-nix-cancel-culture/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

272. Kate, Feldman. New NBC sitcom 'Perfect Harmony' fights through the darkness with song. 24.09.2019 [Electronic resource] / Feldman Kate. - URL: https://www.ny-dailynews.com/entertainment/tv/ny-perfect-harmony-camp-whitford-nbc-20190924-msycalsoknenhngzuiwnndtgji story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

273. Kate, Shatzkin. Prison officials decry hard-line approach. 07.12.1994 [Electronic resource] / Shatzkin Kate. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/bs-xpm-1994-12-07-1994341098-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

274. Kathy, Frankovic. Trump better than Lincoln? Republican think so. 02.12.2019 [Electronic resource] / Frankovic Kathy. - URL: https://today.yougov.com/topics/po-litics/articles-reports/2019/12/02/greatest-republican-president (date of access: 15.02.2019).

275. Kathleen, Lucadano. Architect Robert Woo, paralyzed in Goldman Sachs construction mishap, walks with 'exoskeleton'. 03.11.2011 [Electronic resource] / Lucadano Kathleen. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/health/architect-robert-woo-paralyzed-goldman-sachs-construction-mishap-walks-exoskeleton-article-1.971938 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

276. Keach, Sean. The Sun. Nearly 100 Earth-like "exoplanets" found outside our solar system [Electronic resource] / Sean Keach // New York Post. 2018. - URL: www://nypost.com/2018/02/16/nearly-100-earth-like-exoplanets-found-outside-our-solar-system/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

277. Keith J., Kelly. Vogue magazine to go behind paywall. 23.01.2019 [Electronic resource] / Kelly Keith J. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/01/23/vogue-magazine-to-go-behind-paywall/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

278. Keith J., Kelly. "Fire and Fury" publisher can't print copies fast enough [Electronic resource] / Kelly Keith J. // New York Post. 2018. - URL: www://nypost.com/2018/01/01/fire-and-fury-publisher-cant-print-copies-fast-enough/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

279. Ken, Moritsugu. China convicts 3 researchers involved in gene-edited babies.

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280. Kenneth, Garger. 'Affluenza teen' Ethan Couch arrested for parole violation.

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281. Kirthasna, Ramisetti. Lake Bell, husband Scott Campbell welcome baby girl. 25.10.2014 [Electronic resource] / Ramisetti Kirthasna. - URL: https://www.nydaily-

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282. Kochman, Ben. Scores injured, one dead as car plows into protesters at white power rally [Electronic resource] / Ben Kochman // New York Post. 2017. - URL: www://nypost.com/2017/08/12/vehicle-plows-into-counter-protesters-at- white-power-rally-in-virginia/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

283. Kristie, Ackert. Aaron Boone ejected in first leg of doubleheader, but it's business as usual for the 'f---ing savage' Yankees. 18.07.2019 [Electronic resource] / Ackert Kristie. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/baseball/yankees/ny-aaron-boo-ne-ej ection-savages-tampa-bay-rays-20190719-cmtpvy3mkbanfpk6lciwu5yuoy-story. -html (date of access: 19.12.2019).

284. Kylie, Smith. Gay Talese has nothing to apologize for. 05.04.2016 [Electronic resource] / Smith Kylie. - URL: https://nypost.com/2016/04/05/gay-talese-has-nothing-to-apologize-for/ (date of access: 18.12.2019).

285. Kylie, Schnitzer. Pierre McGuire mansplains hockey to gold medalist Kendall Coyne Schofield. 31.01.2019 [Electronic resource] / Schnitzer Kylie. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/01/31/pierre-mcguire-mansplains-hockey-to-gold-medalist-kendall-coyne-schofield/ (date of access: 18.12.2019).

286. Kyle, Schnitzer. Pierre McGuire mansplains hockey to gold medalist Kendal Coyne Schofield. 31.01.2019 [Electronic resource] / Schnitzer Kylie. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/01/31/pierre-mcguire-mansplains-hockey-to-gold-medalist-kendall-coyne-schofield/ (date of access: 18.12.2019).

287. Kyle, Campbell. Riverdale, Eastchester car dealerships claims Autotrader fleeced $1.5 million by inflating page views. 16.10.2015 [Electronic resource] / Campbell Kyle. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/autos/news/new-york-dealerships-claim-autotrader-fleeced-1-5m-article-1.2400564 (date of access: 18.12.2019).

288. Laurie, Delk. How to talk brews when dating a craft beer geek. 03.11.2017 [Electronic resource] / Delk Laurie. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/pac-dating-craft-beer-geek-story.html (date of access: 18.12.2019).

289. Lauren, Chval. Rebecca Ferguson turns 180 degrees to kick ass in 'Mission: Impossible--Rogue Nation'. 28.07.2015 [Electronic resource] / Chval Lauren. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/redeye-rebecca-ferguson-interview-20150727-htmlsto-ry.html (date of access: 18.12.2019).

290. Laurie, Kellman. Michelle Obama had miscarriage, used IVF to conceive girls. 2018 [Electronic resource] / Kellman Laurie. URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/-news/sns-bc-us--michelle-obama-20181109-story.html (date of access: 18.12.2019).

291. Lee, Moran. British man banned from gas stations after drinking gasoline from the pump. 02.01.2014 [Electronic resource] / Moran Lee. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/news/world/man-banned-gas-stations-guzzling-gasoline-article-1.1564234 (date of access: 18.12.2019).

292. Leah, Bitsky. Gronk is heading to Miami for Super Bowl 2020. 19.11.2019 [Electronic resource] / Bitsky Leah. - URL:https://pagesix.com/2019/11/19/gronk-is-heading-to-miami-for-super-bowl-2020 (date of access: 18.02.2020).

293. Leah, Bitsky. Karrueche Tran and Victor Cruz nerd out at science museum. 04.01.2019 [Electronic resource] / Bitsky Leah. - URL: https://pagesix.com/2019/-01/04/karrueche-tran-and-victor-cruz-nerd-out-at-science-museum/?_ga=2 (date of access: 18.12.2019).

294. Lee, Moran. Laugh out cloud! Nevada driver snaps gigantic LOL in the sky - SEE IT. 09.07.2014 [Electronic resource] / Moran Lee. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/news/national/laugh-cloud-driver-snaps-lol-sky-article-/ (date of access: 18.12.2019).

295. Lee, Moran. Pepsi Max cans accidently filled with alcopop party drink in Sweden. 26.03.2014 [Electronic resource] / Moran Lee. - URL: www//nydailynews.-com/news/world/pepsi-cans-accidentally-filled-booze-sweden-article/ (date of access: 18.12.2019).

296. Lee, Moran. Texas A&M professor kills himself after being caught up in blackmail catfish scam. 26.03.2013 [Electronic resource] / Moran Lee. - URL: www//nydailynews.com/news/crime/ blackmailed-professor-kills-scam-article/ (date of access: 18.12.2019).

297. Leslie, Larson. Josh Romney faces ire for humblebrag tweet about rescuing four passengers from car crash. 29.11.2013 [Electronic resource] / Larson Leslie. - URL: https: //www. nydailynews. com/news/politics/josh-romney-faces-ire-humble-brag-tweet-article-1.1532677 (date of access: 18.12.2019).

298. Lia, Eustachewich. Wisconsin GOP pulls Colin Kaepernick from Black History Month honors. 13.02.2019 [Electronic resource] / Eustachewich Lia. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/02/13/wisconsin-gop-pulls-colin-kaepernick-from-black-his-tory-month-honors/ (date of access: 18.12.2019).

299. Lia, Eustachewich. Wisconsin GOP pulls Colin Kaepernick from Black History Month honors. 13.02.2019 [Electronic resource] / Eustachewich Lia. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/02/13/wisconsin-gop-pulls-colin-kaepernick-from-black-his-tory-month-honors/ (date of access: 21.12.2019).

300. Lieu, Amy. Fox News. With new year, California becomes "sanctuary state" [Electronic resource] / Amy Lieu // New York Post. 2018. - URL: www://nypost.com/2018/01/02/with-new-year-california-becomes-sanctuary-state/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

301. Lily, Rose. Officer gives firefighter 'Sorry I tased you!' cake. 25.04.2018 [Electronic resource] / Rose Lily. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/sns-dailymeal-1910670-eat-officer-gives-firefighter-sorry-i-tased-you-cake-20180425-story.htm (date of access: 15.02.2020).

302. Lindsey, Kupfer. Retta performed stand-up at an insemination. 28.02.2018 [Electronic resource] / Kupfer Lindsey. - URL: https://pagesix.com/2018/02/28/retta-did-stand-up-at-an-insemination/?_ga=2.232756312.639688380.1577636097-198140-056.1550339557 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

303. Liz, Bowie. Hiding cell phone in Uggs? 30.01.2012 [Electronic resource] / Bowie Liz. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/bs-mtblog-2012-01-hiding_cell_pho-nes_in_uggs-story.html (date of access: 19.12.2019).

304. Logan, Jenkins. Out of the Box: SD mover shook the world of fast food 2018. 14.12.2018 [Electronic resource] / Jenkins Logan. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.-com/sd-me-jenkins-hamburgers-20181214-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2020).

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306. Mark K., Updegrove. Why JFK decided to embrace civil rights as a 'moral issue' in 1963 [OPINION]. 11.06.2020 [Electronic resource] / Updegrove Mark K. - URL: https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/jfk-decided-embrace-civil-rights-moral-issue-1963/-story?id=71172778 (date of access: 15.02.2020).

307. Mark, Moore. Trump to sign executive order launching artificial intelligence initiative. 11.02.2019 [Electronic resource] / Moore Mark. - URL: https://ny-post.com/2019/02/11/trump-to-sign-executive-order-launching-artificial-intelligence-initiative/ (date of access: 15.02.2020).

308. Mark, Moore. Trump defends his power to end birthright citizenship. 31.10.2018 [Electronic resource] / Moore Mark. - URL: https://nypost.com/2018/10/31/trump-defends-his-power-to-end-birthright-citizenship/ (date of access: 15.02.2020).

309. Mark, Moore. Trump drops mic after Mueller concludes probe: 'The case is closed!' 29.05.2019 [Electronic resource] / Moore Mark. - URL: www//ny-post.com/2019/05/29/trump-drops-mic-after-mueller-concludes-probe-the-case-is-clo-sed/ (date of access: 19.12.2019).

310. Mark, Moore. White House releases photo of Trump in Situation Room after Iran attacks. 09.01.2020 [Electronic resource] / Moore Mark. - URL: https://nypost.com/-2020/01/09/white-house-releases-photo-of-trump-in-situation-room-a^er-iran-attacks/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

311. Matt, Rhoades. Every campaign is now a cyberwar target. 13.08.2017 [Electronic resource] / Rhoades Matt. - URL: https://nypost.com/2017/08/13/every-campaign-is-now-a-cyberwar-target/ (date of access: 15.02.2020).

312. Matt, Coughlin. New antibiotic to battle MRSA may have been found in the dirt. 14.02.2018 [Electronic resource] / Coughlin Matt. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/search/New+antibiotic+to+battle+MRSA+may+have+been+found+in+the+-dirt./100-y/ALL/score/1/? (date of access: 19.12.2019).

313. Maureen, Callahan. How people profit from perpetuating the false narrative that America is divided. 01.02.2020 [Electronic resource] / Callahan Maureen. - URL: https://nypost.com/2020/02/01/how-people-profit-from-perpetuating-the-false-narrati-ve-that-america-is-divided/ (date of access: 19.12.2019).

314. Megan, Cerullo. Delta passenger kicked off flight over 'airplane mode' dispute with flight attendant. 28.06.2018 [Electronic resource] / Cerullo Megan. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-news-delta-airplane-mode-20180628-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

315. Meera, Jagannathan. Naked President Trump troll doll rakes in quadruple its Kickstarter goal [Electronic resource] / Jagannathan Meera. 22.02.2017. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/naked-president-trump-troll-doll-quadruples-kickstarter-goal-article-1.2979434 (date of access: 19.12.2019).

316. Meera, Jagannathan. This industry replaced over half of its CEOs with women in 16.01.2019 [Electronic resource] / Jagannathan Meera. - URL: https://nypost.com/-2020/01/16/this-industry-replaced-over-half-of-its-ceos-with-women-in-2019/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

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319. Michael, Blinn. The story behind the viral 'Tom Brady: Known Cheater' firing. 30.01.2019 [Electronic resource] / Blinn Michael. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/-01/30/the-story-behind-the-viral-tom-brady-known-cheater-firing/ (date of access: 15.02.2020).

320. Michael, Daly. Accredited's formula for loan payoff on mortgage adds up to trouble for Bronx homeowner. 04.03.2009 [Electronic resource] / Daly Michael. - URL:

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321. Michael, Mcauliff. AOC spars with Republicans over Green New Deal 'fearmongering' and climate change denial. 09.04.2019 [Electronic resource] / Mcauliff Michael. - URL: https://www. nydailynews.com/news/politics/ny-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-jim-jordan-climate-deniers-climate-change-20190409-fca3h7mj65g7xmjz-264fo45qvi-story.html (date of access: 19.12.2019).

322. Michael, Blinn. The story behind viral: "Tom Brady Known Cheater" firing. 30.01.2019 [Electronic resource] / Blinn Michael. URL: https://nypost.com/-2019/01/30/the-story-behind-the-viral-tom-brady-known-cheater-firing/ (date of access: 19.12.2019).

323. Michael A., Walsh. The Islamists' fires. 29.12.2011 [Electronic resource] / Walsh, Michael A. - URL: https://nypost.com/2011/12/29/the-islamists-fires/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

324. Minyvonne, Burke. Woman who traveled to Mexico for liposuction dies following complications. 15.11.2017 [Electronic resource] / Burke Minyvonne. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/ news /national/woman-traveled-mexico-liposuction-dies-article-1.3634676 (date of access: 19.12.2019).

325. Molly, Shea. Where to indulge your Korean beauty obsession [Electronic resource] / Shea Molly // New York Post. 10.03.2017. - URL: www//nypost.com/2017/-03/10/where-to-indulge-your-korean-beauty-obsession/ (date of access: 19.12.2019).

326. Musumeci, Natalie. ISIS-inspired teen tried to set off backpack bomb in school [Electronic resource] / Natalie Musumeci // New York Post. 07.03.2018. - URL: www://nypost.com/2018/03/07/isis-inspired-teen-tried-to-set-off- backpack-bomb-in-school-cops/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

327. Nancy, Dillon. 'Pose' star Billy Porter denies giving 'side-eye' to RuPaul at Emmys. 23.09.2019 [Electronic resource] / Dillon Nancy. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/snyde/ny-billy-porter-backstage-emmys-denies-side-eye-to-rupaul-2019-0923-b3gw57gd2nb2dfpr 7tiextkzji-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

328. Naomi Schaefer, Riley. TV shows like "Young Sheldon" disguise a scary truth about boys today. 07.10.2017 [Electronic resource] / Riley Naomi Schaefer. - URL: https://nypost.com/2017/10/07/tv-shows-like-young-sheldon-disguise-a-scary-truth-about-boys-today/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

329. Natalie, Lobel. The truth about the 'crab' in your California roll. 19.09.2017 [Electronic resource] / Lobel Natalie. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/sns-dailymeal-1812249-cook-truth-about-crab-your-california-roll-20170919-story.html (date of access: 20.12.2019).

330. Natalie, Wolfe. Australian woman 'slut-shamed' by airline, given $35 voucher. 13.02.2019 [Electronic resource] / Wolfe Natalie. - URL: www//nypost.com/2019/-02/13/australian-woman-slut-shamed-by-airline-given-35-voucher/ (date of access: 20.12.2019).

331. Natalie, O'Neill. Self-driving vehicles will turn cars into brothels on wheels: study.

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332. Nicole Lyn, Pesce. Cheap technology spawns a new movie style: mumblecore. 25.07.2008 [Electronic resource] / Pesce Nicole Lyn. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/entertainment/tv-movies/cheap-technology-spawns-new-movie-style-mum-blecore-article-1.350302 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

333. Nicolas, Vega. An ex-Google exec wants to make it easier to upload videos.

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334. Nicole, Hensley. Migos clashes with Chris Brown, rapper Joe Budden on BET Awards night. 26.06.2017 [Electronic resource] / Hensley Nicole, Sblendorio Peter. -URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music/migos-clash-rapper-j oe-budden-bet-awards-pre-show-article-1.3278048 (date of access: 20.12.2019).

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337. Paul, Sperry. Bad news for the Trump-Russia tinfoil-hat brigade. 04.05.2017 [Electronic resource] / Sperry Paul. - URL: www//nypost.com/2017/05/04/bad-news-for-the-trump-russia-tinfoil-hat-brigade/ (date of access: 20.12.2019).

338. Paula, Valentini. Too much time on his hands. 25.08.2017 [Electronic resource] / Valentini Paula. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/aug-25-underground-performers-christopher-columbus-jay-z-article-1.3440244 (date of access: 20.12.2019).

339. Pat, Leonard. THE SWAG IS BACK! Giants feeling different vibe as they charge into home opener. 17.09.2016 [Electronic resource] / Leonard Pat. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/football/ giants/giants-feeling-vibe-charge-home-opener-article/ (date of access: 20.12.2019).

340. Peggy, Klaus. How to deal with toxic talk in the workplace. 16.09.2016 [Electronic resource] / Klaus Peggy. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/deal-toxic-talk-workplace-article-1.2795277 (date of access: 20.12.2019).

341. Peter, Sblendorio. Charlie Sheen apologizes for 9/11 truther comments, but doesn't totally back down from them. 08.09.2017 [Electronic resource] / Sblendorio Peter. -URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/movies/charlie-sheen-9-11-comments-doesn-totally-back-article-1.3480427 (date of access: 20.12.2019).

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343. Peter, Sblendorio. Charlie Sheen apologizes for 9/11 truther comments, but doesn't totally back down from them. 08.09.2017 [Electronic resource] / Sblendorio Peter. -URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/movies/charlie-sheen-9-11-comments-doesn-totally-back-article-1.3480427 (date of access: 20.12.2019).

344. Philip, Messing. Cybercafe killer caught on camera. 10.10.2003 [Electronic resource] / Messing Philip. - URL: https://nypost.com/2003/10/10/cybercafe-killer-caught-on-camera/ (date of access: 20.12.2019).

345. Phil, Blair. Move over millennials: Generation Z is hitting town. 31.07.2018 [Electronic resource] / Blair Phil. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/sd-fi-blair-0731-story.html (date of access: 21.12.2019).

346. Post Editorial Board. Bigotry on CNN: Don Lemon's blind elite ignorance. 29.01.2020 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://nypost.com/2020/01/29/bigotry-on-cnn-don-lemons-blind-elite-ignorance/ (date of access: 21.12.2019).

347. Ralph, Peters. The final act of the Syrian bloodbath. 11.01.2018 / Peters Ralph [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://nypost.com/2018/01/11/the-final-act-of-the-syrian-bloodbath/ (date of access: 21.12.2019).

348. Ralph, Peters. Don't abandon the Kurds to the 'mercies' of Turkey's tyrant. 22.01.2018 [Electronic resource] / Peters Ralph. - URL: https://nypost.com/2018/-01/22/dont-abandon-the-kurds-to-the-mercies-of-turkeys-tyrant/ (date of access: 21.12.2019).

349. Reed, Tucker. Sorry, haters: Aquaman is actually cool. 20.12.2018 [Electronic resource] / Tucker Reed. - URL: https://nypost.com/2018/12/20/sorry-haters-aquaman-is-actually-cool/ (date of access: 21.12.2019).

350. Rhett, Miller J. Substitute teacher axed after ties to alt-right exposed [Electronic resource] / Miller, Rhett J. // New York Post. 09.01.2018. - URL: www://nypost.com/-2018/01/09/substitute-teacher-axed-after-ties-to-alt-right-think-tank- exposed/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

351. Rhett, Miller J. Repulsive "fatberg" causes sewage overflow in Baltimore [Electronic resource] / Miller, Rhett J. // New York Post. 28.09.2017. - URL: https://nypost.com/2017/09/28/repulsive-fatberg-causes-sewage-overflow-in-baltimo-re/ (date of access: 21.12.2019).

352. Reuters Target shares spike on strong holiday season outlook. 20.11.2019 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/11/20/target-shares-spike-on-strong-holiday-season-outlook/ (date of access: 21.12.2019).

353. Richard A., Clarke. We always knew Qatar was trouble, as the 1990s escape of terror mastermind Khalid Sheikh Muhammad showed. 06.07.2017 [Electronic resource] / Clarke, Richard A. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/knew-qatar-trouble-article-1.3306729 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

354. Richard, Johnson. Dolly Parton to be named Grammys' MusiCares Person of the Year [Electronic resource] / Johnson Richard. 02.11.2018. - URL: https://pagesix.com/2018/09/02/dolly-parton-to-be-named-grammys-musicares-person-of-the-year/ (date of access: 21.12.2019).

355. Ritu, Upadhayay. French burkini ban puzzles, upsets Muslim designers. 24.08.2016 [Electronic resource] / Upadhayay Ritu. - URL: www//nydailynews.com/la-ig-burkini-ban-industry-reaction-2016/08/24/ (date of access: 21.12.2019).

356. Rocco, Parascandola. Brutal beatdown outside Brooklyn bodega leaves man in critical condition. 02.07.2019 [Electronic resource] / Parascandola Rocco. - URL: www//www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-crime/ny-brooklyn-bodega-beatdown-police-man-critical-2019/07/02/ (date of access: 21.12.2019).

357. Salena, Zito. Wisconsin voters are warming to Trump, despite impeachment. 01.02.2020 [Electronic resource] / Zito Salena. - URL: https://nypost.com/2020/02/01/-wisconsin-voters-are-warming-to-trump-despite-impeachment/ (date of access: 21.12.2019).

358. San Diego Union-Tribune editorial board, Trump isn't the only reason 2017 was the most bigly year in modern U.S. history. 03.01.2018 [Electronic resource] / URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/sd-2017-most-consequential-year-20180103-story.html (date of access: 21.12.2019).

359. Sara, Dorn. Jussie Smollett hires Michael Cohen's criminal defense lawyer. 16.02.2019 [Electronic resource] / Dorn Sara. - URL: www//pagesix.com/2019/-02/16/jussie-smollett-hires-michael-cohens-criminal-defense-lawyer/ (date of access: 21.12.2019).

360. Schulz, Marisa. Top cyber-security official warns of Lackluster response to attacks. New York Post. 01.03.2018 [Electronic resource] / Marisa Schulz. - URL:

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361. Selma, Hussain. Islamophobic billboard in Florida draws international criticism. 11.04.2016 [Electronic resource] / Hussain Selma. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/sfl-islamophobic-billboard-in-florida-draws-worldwide-criticism-20160411-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

362. SEE IT: YouTube user remakes Eminem's 'Stan' to take on LeBron James and Kyrie Irving feud. 17.08.2018 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/sports/basketball/youtube-user-parodies-eminem-stan-lebron-kyrie-feud-article-1.3419874 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

363. S.E. Cupp. What other candidates can learn from Andrew Yang. 16.09.2019 [Electronic resource] / Cupp S.E. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/ny-oped-what-other-candidates-can-learn-from-andrew-yang-20190916-76e7qf6ptzghhfb-nzyrimmxvjq-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

364. Shant, Shahrigian. 'Go back to Iowa!' Mayoral wannabe Eric Adams goes on racially-charged tirade against gentrification. 20.01.2020 [Electronic resource] / Shahrigian Shant. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/ny-eric-adams-tirade-gentrification-20200120-x65ob3nzyzcddbvrhvcoq55pj4-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

365. Shannon, Mason. Facebook Messenger Kids app flaw lets children chat with strangers. 2019 [Electronic resource] / Mason Shannon. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/news/national/ny-facebook-messenger-kids-flaw-chat-strangers-20190723-hwmg7dinf5eanfwmf7vvge4j2u-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

366. Soo, Youn. Anti-Aging biz boom. 24.05.2004 [Electronic resource] / Youn Soo. URL: www//nydailynews.com/archives/money/anti-aging-biz-boom-celeb-doc-open-shop-madison-ave-article/ (date of access: 21.12.2019).

367. Steinbuch, Yaron [Electronic resource] / Yaron Steinbuch // New York Post. 05.09.2018. - URL: https://nypost.com/2018/09/05/2-russian-men-charged-in-nerve-agent-poisoning-of-ex-spy/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

368. Stephen, Singer. From The Basement To $1 Billion: Connecticut Man Turns Startup Into State's First 'Unicorn'. 30.11.2016 [Electronic resource] / Singer Stephen. -URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/hc-datto-startuprecovered-mon-nov-21-140400-2016--20161122-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

369. Steve, Cuozzo. The 10 worst NYC food trends of 2019. 17.12.2019 [Electronic resource] / Cuozzo Steve. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/12/17/the-10-worst-nyc-food-trends-of-2019/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

370. Steven, Nelson. Here's who New York lawmakers are bringing to the State of the Union. 03.02.020 [Electronic resource] / Nelson Steven, Lapin Tamar. - URL: https://nypost.com/2020/02/03/heres-who-new-york-lawmakers-are-bringing-to-the-state-of-the-union/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

371. Storm, Gifford. Sriracha battle heats up. 04.04.2019 [Electronic resource] / Gifford Storm. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-sriracha-battle-heats-up-in-court-case-20190405-otyjp5ewhvbqziqcntf4dqsb3u-story.html (date of access: 21.12.2019).

372. Suzy, Weiss. Doctors and nurses are influencers now, but can you trust them? 03.02.2020 [Electronic resource] / Weiss Suzy. - URL: https://nypost.com/2020/-02/03/doctors-and-nurses-are-influencers-now-but-can-you-tpagerust-them/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

373. Tacopino, Joe. De Blasio to spend $500K to prevent election hacking [Electronic resource] / Joe Tacopino // New York Post. 12.02.2018. - URL: www://nypost.com/-2018/02/12/de-blasio-to-spend-500k-to-prevent-election-hacking/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

374. Taylor, Rock. Costco is selling an avocado that won't spoil before you make guac. 20.06.2018 [Electronic resource] / Rock Taylor. URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/-life-style/eats/ny-fea-costco-avocado-20180620-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

375. Taylor, Rock. Starbucks is closing more than 8,000 stores for 'racial bias' training. 17.04.2018 [Electronic resource] / Rock Taylor. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/sns-dailymeal-1907330-drink-starbucks-racial-bias-training-041718-20180-417-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

376. Teresa, Braine. Renowned free solo climber Brad Gobright dies in fall from Mexico cliff. 28.11.2019 [Electronic resource] / Braine Teresa. - URL: https://www.ny-dailynews.com/news/world/ny-brad-gobright-climber-mexico-cliff-fall-dies-20191129-47sndhxgkvfo3mhxzuy6sypkfa-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

377. Teresa M., Pelham. Why are 'adulting skills' so difficult for many young people? 09.07.2016 [Electronic resource] / Pelham, Teresa M. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/hc-current-parent-0709-20160709-story.html (date of access: 21.12.2019).

378. Teresa, Odle. 'Hypermiling' - a controversial way to amazing gas mileage. 22.09.2008 [Electronic resource] / Odle Teresa. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/autos/hypermiling-amazing-gas-mileage-article-1.316528 (date of access: 15.02.2019).

379. The Sun, Scientists call for a global ban on glitter. 29.11.2017 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://nypost.com/2017/11/29/environmental-scientists-call-glitter-a-global-hazard/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

380. Thomas V., Dibacco. Snail-mail delivery: A colonial relic postmarked 2018.

23.03.2018 [Electronic resource] / Dibacco Thomas V. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/os-ed-snail-mail-from-colonial-times-to-2018-indeed20180321 -story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

381. Tim, Balk. Macy's shoppers' payment info possibly exposed in hack, store says,

02.11.2019 [Electronic resource] / Balk Tim. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com/news/national/ny-macys-stores-hacked-20191121 -6b5vrozkxfc5tgxpeik4-xwatvu-story.html (date of access: 15.02.2019).

382. Tim, Balk. Cyberbullying levels in school climb. 17.07.2019 [Electronic resource] / Balk Tim. - URL: www//nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-cyberbullying-bullying-nces-2019/07/17/ (date of access: 21.12.2019).

383. Tina, Moore. Miranda Lambert's NYPD hubby is taken off patrol. 20.02.2019 [Electronic resource] / Moore Tina, Jaeger Max. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/-02/20/miranda-lamberts-nypd-hubby-is-taken-off-patrol/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

384. Tina, Moore. RFK charity bailing out reputed Bloods gang member is 'lunacy': police union. 04.12.2018 [Electronic resource] / Moore Tina, DeGregory Priscilla, Jaeger

Max. - URL: https://nypost.com/2018/12/04/rfk-charity-bailing-out-reputed-bloods-gang-member-is-lunacy-police-union/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

385. Treye, Green. Apple AirPods discounted at Walmart and Best Buy for major holiday sales. 09.12.2019 [Electronic resource] / Green Treye. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/12/09/apple-airpods-discounted-at-walmart-and-best-buy-for-major-holiday-sales/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

386. Voice of the people, Readers sound off on the gig economy, bail and Iran. 14.01.2020 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/ny-letter-january-14-20200114-452q67gkevgrtnvozp6xkarsea-story.html (date of access: 15.01.2020).

387. Voice of the people, Readers sound off on underground performers, Christopher Columbus and Jay Z. 25.08.2017 [Electronic resource]. - URL: https://www.nydaily-news.com /opinion/aug-25-underground-performers-christopher-columbus-j ay-z-article-1.3440244 (date of access: 15.01.2020).

388. Whingham, Nick. News.com.au. Russia's internet trolls interfered with elections for money [Electronic resource] / Nick Whingham // New York Post. 05.03.2018. -URL: www://nypost.com/2018/03/05/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

389. Yaron, Steinbuch. Bernie Sanders announces he's running for president. 19.02.2019 [Electronic resource] / Steinbuch Yaron. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/02/19/bernie-sanders-announces-hes-running-for-president/ (date of access: 15.05.2019).

390. Yaron, Steinbuch. AOC accuses GOP operatives of bot operation in deleted 'astroturfing' tweet. 22.02.2019 [Electronic resource] / Steinbuch Yaron. - URL: https://nypost.com/2019/02/22/aoc-accuses-gop-operatives-of-bot-operation-in-deleted-astroturfing-tweet/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

391. Yaron, Steinbuch. ISIS leader dubbed 'Jabba the Jihadi' captured in Iraq. 17.01.2020 [Electronic resource] / Steinbuch Yaron. - URL: https://nypost.com/-2020/01/17/isis-leader-dubbed-jabba-the-jihadi-captured-in-iraq/ (date of access: 15.02.2019).

федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Московский педагогический государственный университет»

На правах рукописи

Кригер Елена Ивановна

Структурно-семантические и прагматические особенности новых слов в американских СМИ в начале XXI века

специальность 10.02.04 - германские языки

Диссертация на соискание ученой степени кандидата филологических наук Том 2 Приложение

Научный руководитель-доктор филологических наук, профессор Чупрына Ольга Геннадьевна

Москва - 2020

ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ.........................................................................3-99

1. Повседневная жизнь.................................................................3-24

2. Социальные и политические события и явления............................25-50

3. Характеристика качеств людей, предметов.....................................50-74

4. Технология и медицина.............................................................74-89

5. Бизнес и юриспруденция..........................................................90-99

Список всех источников материалов для исследования

Наименование подгрупп указано соответствующими символами: S - повседневная жизнь (Society), P - социальные и политические события и явления (Pundits), Q-характеристика качеств людей, предметов, явлений (Qualities),

TM - технология и медицина (Technology and Medicine), BJ - бизнес и юриспруденция (Business and Jurisprudence).

№ п/п Слово Значение Подг руп- па Цитата Ссылка

Повседневная жизнь

1 frappucino a trademarked brand of the Starbucks Corporation for a line of iced, blended coffee drinks. It consists of coffee or crème base, blended with ice and other various ingredients, usually topped with whipped cream and flavored syrups. S Starbucks offers sparkling Crystal Ball Frappucino for buzz; Starbucks, thirsty for some social media magic, is releasing its latest sugary concoction: the fortune-telling Crystal Ball Frappucino. https://www.nvdailvnews.com/newswires/news/bus iness/starbucks-offers-sparkling-crystal-ball-frappucino-buzz-article-1.3889102 • Starbucks offers sparkling Crystal Ball Frappucino for buzz. • Associated Press, 2018; 22 марта

2 burkini/burquini Blend of "burqa" and "bikini" S French burkini ban puzzles, upsets Muslim fashion designers https://www.nydailynews.com/la-ig-burkini-ban-industry-reaction-20160824-snap-story.html • French burkini ban puzzles, upsets Muslim fashion designers. • Ritu Upadhyay, 2016: 24 августа

3 Cosmeceutical a cosmetic preparation that has pharmaceutical properties S New Yorkers on the crowded quest for the fountain of youth will have one more stop this fall. Celebrity dermatologist Dr. Nicholas Perricone, whose anti-aging products are already sold in upscale department and specialty stores, is opening a flagship boutique on Madison Avenue and E. 67th St. The https://www.nydailynews.com/archives/money/anti-aging-biz-boom-celeb-doc-open-shop-madison-ave-article-1.559145 • ANTI-AGING BIZ BOOM Celeb doc to open shop on Madison Ave. • Soo Youn, 2004; 24 мая

dapper doctor, who dresses in designer suits and silk ties and treats clients like supermodel Heidi Klum, will open his doors to aging baby-boomers this fall in a two-level store that will sell his skincare products, nutritional supplements and even food items. Perricone, 55, is one of the ballooning field of doctors-turned-celebrities who market skin care products called "cosmeceuticals.

4 charticle a combination of text, images and graphics that takes the place of a full article S Baltimore vs. Miami: a charticle https://www.nydailynews.com/bs-mtblog-2010-10-baltimore vs miami a chartide-story.html

• Baltimore vs. Miami: a charticle • Erik Maza, 2010; 01 октября

5 Alcopop From soda pop S Pepsi Max cans accidentally filled with alcopop party drink in Sweden; Some 1,872 tins containing alcopop party drink Xide Citrus Fizz -which has a 4.5% alcohol content - were mistakenly sent out to superstore Lidl https://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/pepsi- cans-accidentally-filled-booze-sweden-article- 1.1735125 • Pepsi Max cans accidentally filled with alcopop party drink in Sweden. • Lee Moran, 2014; 26 марта

6 Zoodle zucchini plus noodle S The problem with zoodles; Oodles of zoodles sitting coolly upon the shelf, next to sweet potato, butternut squash, and beet variations. https://www.nydailynews.com/sns-dailymeal- 1910816-cook-problem-zoodles-20180427- story.html • The problem with zoodles. • Daisy Nichols, 2018; 27 апреля

7 Mocktail "A usually iced drink made with any of various ingredients (such as juice, herbs, and soda water) but without alcohol: a nonalcoholic cocktail." S Starbucks invents two new mocktails https://www.nydailynews.com/life- style/eats/starbucks-invents-new-mocktails-article- 1.3069524 • Starbucks invents two new mocktails. • Joe Dziemianowicz, 2017; 18 апреля

8 Bootylicious voluptuously sexy and attractive S This is the bootylicious model Kim Kardashian picked for Kanye West's album art on 'T.L.O.P' https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/gossip /meet-sheniz-halil-model-rear-end-t-o-p-article- 1.2530322 • This is the bootylicious model Kim Kardashian picked for Kanye West's album art on 'T.L.O.P'. • Melanie Dostis, 2016; 13 февраля

9 friendsgiving Friendsgiving, that version of Thanksgiving that allows you to skip all the family stuff and load up on cocktails, just earned itself a spot in the dictionary this year. Luckily, even if your holiday plans are looking subpar, you can still make an amazing Thanksgiving turkey. S Justin Pugh hosting 'Friendsgiving' feast for Giants offensive line https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/football/giants /justin-pugh-hosting-friendsgiving-giants-offensive-line-article-1.3649470 • Justin Pugh hosting 'Friendsgiving' feast for Giants offensive line • Pat Leonard and John Healy, 2017; 21 ноября

10 Media literacy the ability to critically analyze various media for accuracy, credibility, or evidence of bias S The online lexicon announced Wednesday the addition of more than 300 words, phrases and new definitions, including JOMO, ZFG, welp, impostor syndrome, bromosexual, false flag, media literacy, whitelash and toxic masculinity. https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-dictionary-site-introduces-new-words-20190403-q5rm2vahancipmmyu5zshjdsqq-story.html •JOMO, whitelash, bromosexual, textlationship among Dictionary.com's newest words. •Nelson Oliveira, 2019; 3 апреля

11 puggle a dog whose parents are a pug and a beagle S This puggle, Misty, survived being thrown out a moving SUV Sunday night in Round Lake Park and was reunited with her family on Monday. https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc- crime/ny-metro-cops-find-stolen-dog-20190126- story.html

• Dog's best friends! Cops find purloined pooch taken in Brooklyn burglary. • Ellen Moynihan and Thomas Tracy, 2019; 26 января

12 Conlang an invented language S Among 17 of the latest disclosed by the company are: "arancini," those stuffed, breaded and fried Italian rice balls, "conlang," meaning an invented language like Klingon, "fast fashion" and "microaggression," a flashpoint favorite on some college campuses. https://nypost.com/2017/02/07/conlang-microaggression-among-merriam-websters-new-

words/ • 'Conlang,' 'microaggression' among Merriam-Webster's new words • Associated Press, 2017; 7 февраля

13 Listicle an article consisting of a series of items presented as a list S A Word, Please: A listicle that spells things out for you; Listicles are all the rage these days, or so young folks tell me. https://www.nydailynews.com/tn-dpt-me-1030-casagrande-20141029-story.html • A Word, Please: A listicle that spells things out for you. • June Casagrande, 2014; 29 октября

14 Sriracha a pungent sauce that is made from hot peppers pureed with usually garlic, sugar, salt, and vinegar and that is typically used as a condiment. S Sriracha battle heats up as hot sauce company and pepper supplier ready for court showdown https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-sriracha-battle-heats-up-in-court-case-20190405-

otyjp5ewhvbqziqcntf4dq sb3u-story.html • Sriracha battle heats up as hot sauce company and pepper supplier ready for court showdown. • Storm Gifford, 2019; 04 апреля

15 bibimbap a Korean dish of rice with cooked vegetables, usually meat, and often an egg, either raw or fried S Or Trump might meet with Kim, get nowhere, and leave with only bibimbap egg on his and our collective face. https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/trump- planned-meeting-kim-carries-huge-risks-article- 1.3865456 • President Trump's planned meeting with Kim Jong Un carries huge risks, and potential rewards. • Editorials, 2018; 09 марта

16 choux pastry a very light, egg-based dough used to make pastries (such as cream puffs and eclairs) S We sat at the bar and talked about food hours after my shift ended," explains Gilroy. "I was about to open East Side Social Club with my sister and needed a pastry chef. Erica had to fly back to Arizona shortly after we met but she came back to NYC two weeks later to do a tasting for me. She made choux pastry and killed it! I hired her on the spot." https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/eats/new- york-restaurant-couples-perfect-pairings-valentine- day-article-1.1019959 • New York restaurant couples come up with perfect pairings for Valentine's Day. • Amanda P. Sidman, 2012; 12 февраля

17 California roll a type of sushi roll containing avocado, cucumber, and cooked crabmeat or imitation crabmeat with a wrapping of seaweed and rice S The truth about the 'crab' in your California roll https://www.nydailynews.com/sns-dailymeal-1812249-cook-truth-about-crab-your-california-

roll-20170919-story.html • The truth about the 'crab' in your California roll. • Natalie Lobel, 2017; 19 сентября

18 vuvuzela n. Long horn blown by fans at soccer matches. S Soccer is known as "the beautiful game," but where some see an enchanting ballet in cleats, set on a stage of grass to a multilingual choral sound track (no vuvuzelas allowed this time!), others can't make headers or tails of this fitful 22-man dance.With the World Cup on the program for the next https://nypost.com/2014/06/10/a-simple-guide-to-soccer-for-world-cup-beginners/ • A simple guide to soccer for World Cup beginners. • Jonathan Lehman, 2014; 10 июня

19 to ping Instead of listing all the ways for someone else to get in touch with you, keep it simple and tell them to ping you. While ping used to be computer-specific, it now means to S Whenever a user was away from the keyboard-AFK-they would pre-write a message that all of their contacts https://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/faceboo k-testing-revive-aim-like-messages-app-article-

1.2187660 • Facebook testing to bring back AIM-like 'away messages' on mobile app.

get in touch digitally, regardless of the platform. would see if they tried to ping them. • Alejandro Alba, 2015; 16 апреля

20 LOL "Laughing out loud" S Laugh out cloud! Nevada driver snaps gigantic LOL in the sky — SEE IT; A Nevada driver was stuck in traffic when he spotted the letters "LOL" — texting shorthand for "laugh out loud" — beaming down from above. https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/laugh-cloud-driver- snaps-lol - sky-article-1.1860524 • Laugh out cloud! Nevada driver snaps gigantic LOL in the sky — SEE IT. • Lee Moran, 2014; 09 июля

21 TBH "To be honest" S "Worked at Vice for a year," another woman added. "Never before have I seen such a dysfunctional workplace. Wonder what couldn't make it into the story, tbh." https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/vice- degrading-uncomfortable-environment-women- report-article-1.3717663 • Vice created 'degrading, uncomfortable' culture of harassment, employees claim • Nicole Bitette,2017; 23 декабря

22 K-beauty Korean skincare S The founder of K-beauty company Peach&Lily has partnered with Barneys to build a cutting edge mask bar at two of the department store's Manhattan shops https://nypost.com/2017/03/10/where-to-indulge-your-korean-beauty-obsession/ • Where to indulge your Korean beauty obsession. • Molly Shea, 2017; 10 марта

23 Detox a regimen or treatment intended to remove toxins and impurities from the body S U.S. students need a cellphone detox; French students are about to get a much-needed detox from their cellphones now that the government has banned them during school for kids 15 and younger. https://www.nydailynews.com/mc-opi-cellphone-students-crisis-20180904-story.html • U.S. students need a cellphone detox. • Brooke Olsen Romney, 2018; 5 сентября

24 bingeable / binge viewing / binge-watching having multiple episodes or parts that can be watched in rapid S Binge-watching may lead to depression and other health problems: study https://www.nydailynews.com/life- style/health/binge-watching-leads-depression- health-problems-article-1.2422662

succession : suitable for binge-watching • Binge-watching may lead to depression and other health problems: study • Jacqueline Cutler, 2015; 3 ноября

25 Cyberbullying S Cyberbullying levels in schools climbs, federal study indicates https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny- cyberbullying-bullying-nces-20190717- o6kjynzmtzaslinbazejhszz4q-story.html • Cyberbullying levels in schools climbs, federal study indicates • Tim Balk, 2019; 17 июля

26 Cybercafé a café where people can pay to use the internet (the term cybercafe was first used in 1994, when innovator Ivan Pope opened one in London) S Cybercafe killer caught on camera https://nypost.com/2003/10/10/cybercafe-killer-caught-on-camera/ • Cybercafe killer caught on camera • Philip Messing, 2003; 10 октября

27 adulting Adulting is an informal term to describe behavior that is seen as responsible and grown-up. This behavior often involves meeting the mundane demands of independent and professional living, such as paying bills and running errands. S Why Are 'Adulting' Skills So Difficult For Many Young People? https://www.nydailynews.com/hc-current-parent-0709-20160709-story.html • Why Are 'Adulting' Skills So Difficult For Many Young People? • Teresa M. Pelham, 2016; 8 июля

28 locavore n. One who primarily eats locally grown food S Scanu and his colleagues in the Cala di Volpe kitchen are enthusiastic champions of one of Sardinia's claims to fame: its remarkably locavore diet and its citizens' longevity, cited in Dan Buettner's books about "Blue Zones," parts of the world where people live longer and report being happier. https://nypost.com/2018/03/26/what-keeps-these-italian-island-dwellers-so-long-lived-great-food/ • What keeps these Italian island dwellers so long-lived? Great food • Jackie Cooperman, 2018; 26 марта

29 Uggs Ugg boots are a unisex style of sheepskin boot originating in Australia and New Zeeland S Hiding cell phones in Uggs? Here's a great story on the decision by one Pennsylvania school to ban the wearing of Uggs, or high top boots, that aren't snug. https://www.nydailynews.com/bs-mtblog-2012-01-hiding cell_phones in uggs-story.html • Hiding cell phone in Uggs? • Liz Bowie, 2012; 30 января

30 soft skills n. Attributes that enable someone to interact harmoniously with others. S https://www.nydailynews.com/jobs/job-liberal-arts-major-article-1.1860591 • How to get a job if you're a liberal arts major. • Hannah Hamilton, 2014; 09 июля

31 mic drop An instance of deliberately dropping or tossing aside one's microphone at the end of a performance or speech one considers having been particularly impressive S It's wine o'clock, and we're a little hangry, so time for us to mic drop. https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/editorial-rando-article-1.2341105 • Look it up, rando: We just pwnd the Oxford English Dictionary. • Editorials, 2015; 31 августа

32 bucket list a list of the things you want to do before you reach a certain age, or before you die повтор S 20 unforgettable bucket list trips on a budget https://www.nydailynews.com/featured/sns-unforgettable-bucket-list-trips-on-a-budget-20190109-photogallery.html • 20 unforgettable bucket list trips on a budget • The Active Times Staff, 2019; 09 января

33 guesstimate a calculation of the size, value, or amount of something when all the facts are not available to you S Officers alter the image to create a guesstimate of how the suspect looks. Given these low-quality photos, it's no wonder that the NYPD typically gets more than 200 "potential matches." https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/ny-oped- face-it-nypd-20190417- 4ech6z3t55bi7jsw34wa2o4k5e-story.html • Face it: Recognition technology isn't close to ready for prime-time. • Albert Fox Cahn, 2019; 17 апреля

34 Hivemind the collective thoughts of a group of people seen as a single entity S Now, the official dictionary holds more than 100,000 words. Other newcomers Sokolowski shared are aquafaba, beatdown, https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny- news-scrabble-adds-300-new-words-ok-20180924- story.html • Scrabble adds 300 new words including 'OK' and 'ew'.

zomboid, twerk, sheeple, wayback, bokeh, botnet, emoji, facepalm, frowny, hivemind, puggle and nubber. • Associated Press, 2018; 24 сентября

35 showrunner A person who has creative control over a broadcast series, as on television, and who manages its day-to-day operations. S 'American Gods' actor Orlando Jones fired, says showrunner thinks Mr. Nancy character sends 'wrong message for black America' https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny- orlando-iones-fired-american-gods-mr-nancy- 20191214-twifwonnyfclthiymazxuirywu-story.html • 'American Gods' actor Orlando Jones fired, says showrunner thinks Mr. Nancy character sends 'wrong message for black America'. • Joseph Wilkinson, 2019; 14 декабря

36 beatdown to bring into subjection; subdue S Brutal beatdown outside Brooklyn bodega leaves man in critical condition https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-crime/ny-brooklyn-bodega-beatdown-police-man-critical-20190702-dhq35hbho5fupmorm7646eh2b4-story.html • Brutal beatdown outside Brooklyn bodega leaves man in critical condition. • Rocco Parascandola, Trevor Boyer and John Annese, 2019; 02 июля

37 shoutout a quick public expression of thanks, admiration, etc. "I'd like to give a big shout-out to my mom who's in the audience tonight." [First recorded in 1990-95; shout + out] S An 88-year-old Maine man fights off second rabid fox attack in 4 months, gets shoutout from Seth Meyers https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-maine-man-fox-attack-seth-meyers-shoutout-20200110-e5owf4wlibai7c5em26ce4sweq-story.html • An 88-year-old Maine man fights off second rabid fox attack in 4 months, gets shoutout from Seth Meyers. • Joseph Wilkinson, 2020; 10 января

38 UFC an acronym standing for the Ultimate Fighting Championship, an American mixed martial arts organization S Former UFC fighter Stephen Bonnar facing DUI, other charges https://www.nydailynews.com/news/sns-bc-mma--ufc-fighter-arrested-20181029-story.html • Associated Press, 2018; 02 ноября

39 Vacay a shortening of vacation S "Vacay before the new year," she captioned the pic posted Sunday https://pagesix.com/2019/12/30/bebe-rexha-shows- of-stretch-marks-in-sexy-bikini- pic/? ga=2.98670302.1997040740.1580716174- 1767694795.1544516721 • Bebe Rexha shows off stretch marks in sexy bikini pic. • Leah Bitsky, 2019; 30 декабря

40 Sesh a shortening of session S Other reasons for skipping out on a solid sweat sesh include being all out of clean workout wear (31 percent), not just feeling up to it (30 percent), feeling under the weather (29 percent), work stress and deadlines (29 percent) and staying up too late the night before (30 percent). https://nypost.com/2020/01/14/shocking-number- of-americans-worry-about-being-judged-for-their- activewear-when-exercising/ • Shocking number of Americans worry about being judged for their activewear when exercising • Zoya Gervis, 2020; 14 января

41 JOMO joy of missing out; It is the opposite of FOMO, or "fear of missing out," and is described as the "feeling of contentment with one's own pursuits and activities, without worrying over the possibility of missing out on what others may be doing." S The online lexicon announced Wednesday the addition of more than 300 words, phrases and new definitions, including JOMO, ZFG, , impostor syndrome, bromosexual, false flag, media literacy, whitelash and toxic masculinity. https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-dictionary-site-introduces-new-words-20190403-q5rm2vahancipmmyu5zshjdsqq-story.html • JOMO, whitelash, bromosexual, textlationship among Dictionary.com's newest words • Nelson Oliveira, 2019; 3 апреля

42 Fabulosity fabulous quality, state, or nature S Love Lust, Fabulosity and Drama! https://www.nydailynews.com/horoscopes/love-lust-fabulosity-drama-article-1.193385 • Love Lust, Fabulosity and Drama! • Jennifer Angel, 2010; 27 января

43 Pickleball a newly popular court sport played with short-handled paddles and a perforated plastic ball (and an entry S "Then there's a pickleball tournament, tie-dying shirts and, at some point, we'll have https://nypost. com/2018/08/04/what-your-kid-needs-to-learn-at-summer-camp/

with a championship-level etymology) a whipped-cream fight and then everybody jumps into the lake." • What your kid needs to learn at summer camp. • Eric Spitznagel, 2018; 4 августа

44 Free solo a climb in which a rock climber uses no artificial aids for support and has no rope or other safety equipment for protection in case of a fall S Renowned free solo climber Brad Gobright dies in fall from Mexico cliff https://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/ny-brad-gobright-climber-mexico-cliff-fall-dies-20191129-

47sndhxgkvfo3mhxzuy6sypkfa- story.html • Renowned free solo climber Brad Gobright dies in fall from Mexico cliff • Theresa Braine, 2019; 28 ноября

45 Rhotic in phonetics, a rhotic dialect is one in which an /r/ sound is retained in words like hard and car. S The American accent has another sound British actors must master — the rhotic "r." That's the hard "r" sound you hear in words like "work," "curb" and "perk." https://nypost.com/2013/10/19/who-nails-the-american-accent-and-who-sounds-terrible/ • Who nails the American accent — and who sounds terrible. • Robert Rorke, 2013; 19 октября

46 Rhoticity nothing to do with rotisserie and everything to do with a noun that points to some important differences between dialects S First, a lesson in rhoticity. What, exactly, is the New York accent? One key component, linguists say, is the "R" Not only do New Yorkers drop Rs (call the doctah!), they add them in where they're not needed, usually when the next word starts with a vowel, which creates "I sawr it with my very own eyes!" and "The sofer in the living room is green." https://nypost.com/2010/02/06/why-the-classic-noo-yawk-accent-is-fading-away/ • Why the classic Noo Yawk accent is fading away. • Sheila McClear, 2010; 6 февраля

47 Tallboy a large can in which beer or another drink is sold, typically holding 16 or 25 US fluid ounces. ""I was drinking a tallboy of Budweiser at the time...... S If taking down a Busch tallboy in your best evening wear is wrong, who wants to be right? https://nypost.com/2019/12/06/katelyn-larson-shotgunned-a-beer-at-the-nascar-awards/ • Katelyn Larson shotgunned a beer at the NASCAR Awards. • Michael Blinn, 2019; December 6

48 Cheesemonger a merchant who specializes in cheese S Cheesemonger and son tied to forklift in Williamsburg factory, robbed https://www.nydailynews.com/new- york/brooklyn/hatzolah-paramedics-tied-robbed- car-article-1.1315075 • Cheesemonger and son tied to forklift in Williamsburg factory, robbed Ryan Sit and Joe Kemp, 2013; 12 апреля

49 Mofongo a Puerto Rican dish consisting of fried green plantains mashed with garlic, salt, and olive oil that is traditionally paired with meat or seafood and served with broth S The taste of those roots — including a design-your-own mofongo offering (a plantain-based dish) — are a welcome addition to the expanding Biscayne corridor. https://nypost.com/2019/04/18/miamis-best-new-restaurants-from-sushi-to-cuban-cuisine/ • Miami's best new restaurants from sushi to Cuban cuisine Lee Brian Schrager, 2019; 18 апреля

50 BOPO a movement advocating the view that people should be proud of the appearance of their bodies, or any aspect of this, especially size BO = body, PO = positivity S Other Collins top selections this year included "BoPo," short for body positive, or embracing anyone's physical appearance, especially that which was once considered outside the realm of traditionally attractive. https://nypost.com/2019/11/08/collins-dictionary-declares-climate-strike-2019-word-of-the-year/ • Collins Dictionary declares 'climate strike' 2019 word of the year Rachel Koning Beals, 2019; 8 ноября

51 double down to become more tenacious, zealous, or resolute in a position or undertaking in spite of opposition or risk S White House officials double down on Trump government shutdown threats https://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/conwa y-trump-congress-pays-mexico-wall-article- 1.3439197 • White House officials double down on Trump government shutdown threats • Denis Slattery and Jason Silverstein, 2017; 24 августа

52 choux pastry a very light, egg-based dough used to make pastries (such as cream puffs and eclairs) S "We sat at the bar and talked about food hours after my shift ended," explains Gilroy. "I was about to open East Side Social Club with my sister and needed a pastry chef. Erica had to fly back to Arizona shortly after we met but she came back to NYC two weeks later to do a tasting for me. She made choux pastry and killed it! I hired her on the spot." https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/eats/new- york-restaurant-couples-perfect-pairings-valentine- day-article-1.1019959 • New York restaurant couples come up with perfect pairings for Valentine's Day. • Amanda P. Sidman, 2012; 12 февраля

53 Avo short fo "avocado" S I'm avo it: Avocado, the fussy fruit, or berry, or whatever it is, once knew its place: in guacamole. Now it's the unwelcome party-crasher in salads, burgers, pasta, pizza, cakes, pies and even ice cream (we mean you, Morgenstern's). May this trend soon be toast! https://nypost.com/2019/12/17/the- 10-worst-nyc-food-trends-of-2019/ • The 10 worst NYC food trends of 2019 • Steve Cuozzo, 2019; 17 декабря

54 Guac short for "guacamole" S Costco is selling an avocado that won't spoil before you make guac https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/eats/ny-fea-costco-avocado-20180620-story.html • Costco is selling an avocado that won't spoil before you make guac • Taylor Rock, 2018; 20 июня

55 zuke short for "zuchini" S You pay $5 and you get a choice of zucchini, wheels and axles, commemorative racing necklace, and access to carving tools and accessories, https://www.nydailynews.com/mc-ent-seven-foodie-events-in-july-20180618-story.html

• 7 great Lehigh Valley food events in July • Jennifer Sheehan, 2018; 03 июля

with expert assistance from the Zuke 500 Pit Crew.

56 marg short for "margarita" S When something seems too good to be true — you know the rest. Offering $1 margaritas was a viral hit for Applebee's in 2017 ... that is, until Instagram account @Bitchywaiter exposed the recipe: 1 gallon marg mix, 3 gallons of water and well tequila, all thrown in an industrial-sized bucket. https://nypost.com/2019/10/15/these-epic-fast-food-fails-rival-paneras-mac-and-cheese-shame/ • These epic fast food fails rival Panera's mac and cheese shame • Melissa Malamut, 2019; 15 октября

57 zoodle zucchini plus noodle S The problem with zoodles; Oodles of zoodles sitting coolly upon the shelf, next to sweet potato, butternut squash, and beet variations. https://www.nydailynews.com/sns-dailymeal- 1910816-cook-problem-zoodles-20180427- story.html • The problem with zoodles • Daisy Nichols, 2018; 27 апреля

58 agritourism the practice of touring agricultural areas to see farms and often to participate in farm activities S I drove through burnt orange fall foliage canopies and along the winding state roads, making stops along the way. In Cazenovia I visited the popular Empire Brewery as well as the agritourism hot spot Critz Farms. https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/hungry- travels-central-new-york-state-fall-classic-article- 1.3615677 • Hungry for Travels: Central New York state is a fall classic • Blakely Trettenero, 2017; ноябрь 06

59 fashionista a designer, promoter, or follower of the latest fashions S Fashionista Alexa Chung stars in her third Longchamp campaign https://www.nydailynews.com/life- styl e/fashion/alexa-chung- stars-longchamp- campaign-article-1.2103340 • Fashionista Alexa Chung stars in her third Longchamp campaign AFP Relaxnews, 2015; 4 февраля

60 Staycation n. Vacation spent at home. S Staycation offers perfect antidote to surging gas prices https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/ny-fea-staycations-high-gas-prices-20180606-story.html

• Staycation offers perfect antidote to surging gas prices • Edward G№, 2018; 06 июня

61 vuvuzela n. Long horn blown by fans at soccer matches. S Soccer is known as "the beautiful game," but where some see an enchanting ballet in cleats, set on a stage of grass to a multilingual choral sound track (no vuvuzelas allowed this time!), others can't make headers or tails of this fitful 22-man dance.With the World Cup on the program for the next https://nypost.com/2014/06/10/a-simple-guide-to-soccer-for-world-cup-beginners/ • A simple guide to soccer for World Cup beginners. • Jonathan Lehman, 2014; 10 июня

62 emoticon Blend of "emotion" and "icon S Facebook removes controversial 'feeling fat' emoticon after backlash; The social network ditched its controversial "feeling fat" emoticon Tuesday after activists argued that it promoted body shaming. https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/facebook- removes-feeling-fat-emoticon-backlash-article- 1.2144362 • Facebook removes controversial 'feeling fat' emoticon after backlash • Victoria Taylor, 2015; 10 марта

63 EGOT An entry in the dictionary seems like an appropriate award for the acronym that stands for the rare achievement of winning an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar, and a Tony. S Upstate retreat of EGOT winner Marvin Hamlisch asks $8M https://nypost.com/2019/08/28/upstate-retreat-of-egot-winner-marvin-hamlisch-asks-8m/ • Upstate retreat of EGOT winner Marvin Hamlisch asks $8M. • Jennifer Gould Keil, 2019; 28 августа

64 Textlation-ship a relationship or association between people who text each other frequently, but rarely if ever interact with each other in person S textlationship: a relationship or association between people who text each other frequently, but rarely if ever interact with each other in person https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-dictionary-site-introduces-new-words-20190403-q5rm2vahancipmmyu5zshidsqq-story.html JOMO, whitelash, bromosexual, textlationship among Dictionary.com's newest words. Nelson Oliveira, 2019 3 апреля

65 charticle a combination of text, images and graphics that takes the place of a full article S Baltimore vs. Miami: a charticle https://www.nydailynews.com/bs-mtblog-2010-10-baltimore vs miami a charticle-story.html • Baltimore vs. Miami: a charticle. • Erik Maza, 2010; 01 октября

66 Clap back; clap-back S Cyberbullying levels in schools climbs, federal study indicates https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny- cyberbullying-bullying-nces-20190717- o6kjynzmtzaslinbazejhszz4q-story.html • Cyberbullying levels in schools climbs, federal study indicates. • Tim Balk, 2019; 17 июля

67 retconning Retroactive continuity - a literary device in which established facts in a fictional work are adjusted, ignored, or contradicted by a subsequently published work which breaks continuity with the former S That still beats de Blasio — who's spent years passing the Pantaleo buck to the feds and now his own NYPD after retconning the law to hide the chokeholder's disciplinary records from the public — nicknaming Donald Trump "ConDon." https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/ny-oped- how-stupid-can-new-york-get-20190728- n6arf4qsejdefkjqa3utapvvwe-story.html • We are soaking in stupidity: A week of absolutely idiotic reactions to water getting thrown on cops. • Harry Siegel. 2019; 28 июля

68 Instagramming to post (a picture) to the Instagram photo-sharing service S From Cardinal hacking to Pablo Sandoval's Instagramming to Phillies' bullpen caper, it was baseball's week to forget https://www.nydailynews.com/sports/baseball/madd en-recapping-baseball-week-forget-article- 1.2265241 • From Cardinal hacking to Pablo Sandoval's Instagramming to Phillies' bullpen caper, it was baseball's week to forget. • Bill Madden, 2015; 20 июня

69 yogalates a type of exercise inspired by yoga and Pilates, as its name suggests. It is said to harness the physical and mental benefits of both practices, and its advocates describe it as a comprehensive exercise system. It can be taught in classes, one-on-one S Among the hotels with outstanding programs for fitness-minded travelers is the Mandarin Oriental, Boston, which offers yoga mats in all guest rooms and recently launched a program called https://www.nydailynews.com/news/money/stay-fit-traveling-business-article-1.360897 • How to stay fit when traveling on business • Rosemary Black, 2009; 13 апреля

sessions and workshops. Yogalates was created in 1997 by a personal trainer, Jonathan Urla, and later developed and popularized by Louise Solomon. "Yogalates." And if you forget your work-out attire, the property partners with Nike to provide hotel guests with the right clothing.

70 UFC an acronym standing for the Ultimate Fighting Championship, an American mixed martial arts organization S Former UFC fighter Stephen Bonnar facing DUI, other charges https://www.nydailynews.com/news/sns-bc-mma--ufc-fighter-arrested-20181029-story.html • Associated Press, 2018; 02 ноября

71 impostor syndrome (also known as impostor phenomenon, impostorism, fraud syndrome or the impostor experience) is a psychological pattern in which one doubts one's accomplishments and has a persistent internalized fear of being exposed as a "fraud" S The online lexicon announced Wednesday the addition of more than 300 words, phrases and new definitions, including JOMO, ZFG, welp, impostor syndrome, bromosexual, false flag, media literacy, whitelash and toxic masculinity. https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-dictionary-site-introduces-new-words-20190403-q5rm2vahancipmmyu5zshidsqq-story.html • JOMO, whitelash, bromosexual, textlationship among Dictionary.com's newest words. • Nelson Oliveira, 2019; 3 апреля

72 Minimoon a short, usually inexpensive honeymoon, often followed by a longer honeymoon later on S The couple enjoyed a minimoon on the Jersey Shore and plan to go on an official honeymoon in April to Disney World. https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/ianine-burns-peter-esposito-article-1.368949 • Janine Burns and Peter Esposito • Michelle Megna and Heather Shultz, 2009; 07 марта

73 chillaxing to calm down; relax; chill S "Everything is ready to go! Sterile, chillaxing, serene," she wrote in September. "Hope baby comes early!" https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/gossip /lake-bell-welcomes-baby-girl-article-1.1986975 • Lake Bell, husband Scott Campbell welcome baby girl • Kirthana Ramisetti, 2014; 25 октября

74 hammered a quick public expression of thanks, admiration, etc. "I'd like to give a big shout-out to my mom who's in the audience tonight." [First recorded in 1990-95; shout + out] S An 88-year-old Maine man fights off second rabid fox attack in 4 months, gets shoutout from Seth Meyers https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-maine-man-fox-attack-seth-meyers-shoutout-

20200110-e5owf4wlibai7c5em26ce4swea- story.html

• An 88-year-old Maine man fights off second rabid fox attack in 4 months, gets shoutout from Seth Meyers. • Joseph Wilkinson, 2020; 10 января

75 man bun a man's hairstyle in which some or all of the hair is tied in a tight ball on the top or back of the head S Barbie, are you ready for man-bun or dad-bod Ken? https://www.nydailynews.com/ct-barbie-dad-bod-ken-20170620-story.html • Barbie, are you ready for man-bun or dad-bod Ken? • Adam Tschorn, 2017; 20 июня

76 mullet Semantic change - broadening -hairstyle S Zendaya brings back the mullet at the Grammys familiar. https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/zenda ya-brings-back-mullet-grammys-article-1.2532588 • Zendaya brings back the mullet at the Grammys. • Jeanette Settembre, 2016; 15 февраля

77 TL;DR/TLDR or tl;dr or less commonly TLDR or tldr; too long; didn't read — used to say that something would require too much time to read; informal : a briefly expressed main point or key message that summarizes a longer discussion or explanation S But more often than not, I see comments at the end of long newspaper stories reduced to simple internet speak: TLDR. Too long, didn't read. https://www.nydailynews.com/bs-mtblog-2008-09-the big five the stories of sp-story.html • The stories of sportswriter Gary Smith • Kevin van Valkenburg, 2008; 16 сентября

78 textlationship a relationship or association between people who text each other frequently, but rarely if ever interact with each other in person S textlationship: a relationship or association between people who text each other frequently, but rarely if ever interact with each other in person https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-dictionary-site-introduces-new-words-20190403-q5rm2vahancipmmyu5zshidsqq-story.html JOMO, whitelash, bromosexual, textlationship among Dictionary.com's newest words. Nelson Oliveira, New York Daily News |, apr 03, 2019

79 unplug to temporarily refrain from using electronic devices (such as computers or smartphones) S East Harlem resident Kori Burkholder hasn't gone that far. But she's made other dramatic moves to unplug. https://nypost.com/2019/11/13/workers-are-consciously-uncoupling-from-their-jobs-in-unusual- ways/ • Workers are 'consciously uncoupling' from their jobs in unusual ways.

• Melkorka Lice 2019; 13 ноября

80 Self-partnered an alternative for the word single as a relationship status S Don't call me single — I'm self-partnered https://nypost.com/2019/11/13/dont-call-me-single-im-self-partnered/ • Don't call me single — I'm self-partnered. • Doree Lewak, 2019; 13 ноября

81 FOMO fear of missing out S JOMO, one of at least three acronyms on the list, stands for "joy of missing out." It is the opposite of FOMO, or "fear of missing out," and is described as the "feeling of contentment with one's own pursuits and activities, without worrying over the possibility of missing out on what others may be doing." https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-dictionary-site-introduces-new-words-20190403-q5rm2vahancipmmyu5zshjdsqq-story.html • JOMO, whitelash, bromosexual, textlationship among Dictionary.com's newest words. • Nelson Oliveira, 2019; 3 апреля

82 go-cup a plastic or paper cup used especially for taking a beverage off the premises of a bar, restaurant, etc. Anything that's packaged to help you sip on the go is an essential. Whether it's plastic or paper, or holds coffee or alcohol, this is the ultimate container for almost any activity S "Go-cup" — a plastic or paper cup used for taking drinks off-site from a bar or restaurant — is among the new compound terms. https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/ny-merriam-webster-new-words-snowflake-overly-sensitive-definition-20190423 -5zzji ghgufbwtezqud3bvityv4-story.html Snowflake' officially defined as 'someone who is overly sensitive' by Merriam-Webster, new terms like 'go-cup,' 'gender nonconforming' and 'bottom surgery' added.. Gina Salamone, 2019; 23 апреля

83 on the reg adverb. regularly; frequently. Shortened form of on the regular. I hit up that spot on the reg. S Instead, Jennifer Lopez and Shakira will be paid "union scale," which is "a fraction of the six- and seven-figure sums" they rake in on the reg, according to Forbes. https://nypost.com/2020/02/04/shakira-and-jennifer-lopez-werent-paid-for-their-halftime-

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EE • Shakira and Jennifer Lopez weren't paid for their halftime show. • Ben Cost, 2020; 4 февраля

84 Throuple Three partners in a romantic or sexual relationship S This real-life 'throuple' are former evangelical Christians https://nypost.com/2019/10/28/thi s-real-life-throuple-were-former-evangelical-christians/ • This real-life 'throuple' are former evangelical Christians. • Melkorka Licea, 2019; 28 октября

85 Emoji ideograms and smileys used in electronic messages and web pages. Emoji exist in various genres, including facial expressions, common objects, places and types of weather, and animals. They are much like emoticons, but emoji are actual pictures instead of typographics. Originally meaning pictograph, the word emoji comes from Japanese e ( Ш, "picture") + moji "character"); the resemblance to the English words emotion and emoticon is purely coincidental. S https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/words -phrases-2015-article-1.2465564 • The words and phrases of 2015: Pizza rat, transracial, acronyms, abbreviations and more • Jason Siverstein, 2015; 15 декабря

86 single-use to be used once and destroyed -одноразовый - использован один раз и выброшен S San Francisco International Airport bans single-use plastic bottles https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-san-francisco-international-airport-ban-plastic-water-bottles-20190802-kus2rlpghfgxdcax6yg4am6f6m-story.html • San Francisco International Airport bans single-use plastic bottles. • David Matthews, 2019; 02 августа

87 DTR Verb — to define the relationship S DTR Verb — to define the relationship MTV's "Awkward" popularized this abbreviation in 2011, when the teens on https://nypost.com/2019/12/16/the-worst-dating-terms-that-defined-the-2010s/ • The worst dating terms that defined the 2010s. • Marisa Dellatto, 2019; 16 декабря

the show were hooking up and messing with each other's feelings: was it just sex or something more? Yes, there came a time in any relationship when it was clear both parties liked one another — perhaps one could even say "going steady." But the exact title of "boyfriend" or "girlfriend" had not been established. This was when one needed to DTR, and have a conversation about what's going on. Time was of the essence in 2011!

88 Netflix and chill Internet slang term used as a euphemism for sexual activity, either as part of a romantic partnership or as casual sex or as a groupie invitation. S Word to the wise: The cute friend who suggests you should "Netflix and chill" isn't expecting the fun to stop with "Parks and Recreation." https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/words -phrases-2015-article-1.2465564 • The words and phrases of 2015: Pizza rat, transracial, acronyms, abbreviations and more. • Jason Siverstein, 2015; 15 декабря