Analysis of Resource Allocation Procedures for Cellular Network in Joint Servicing of Real-Time Multiservice Traffic and Elastic IoT Traffic / Анализ процедур распределения ресурса сетей сотовой связи при совместном обслуживании мультисервисного трафика реального времени и эластичного трафика IoT тема диссертации и автореферата по ВАК РФ 05.12.13, кандидат наук Андраби Умер Мукхтар

• Андраби Умер Мукхтар
• кандидат наук
• 2022

Оглавление диссертации кандидат наук Андраби Умер Мукхтар

Contents

Abstract

Chapter 1. Introduction and Motivation

1.1 Overview

1.2 Background of the Study

1.3 Machine-to-Machine Communication

1.3.1 Machine-to-Machine Applications

1.3.2 IoT Technological Revolution

1.3.3 IoT Connectivity Technologies

1.3.4 LPWAN Technologies

1.3.5 MTC Deployment Challenges

1.4 Cellular Communication Systems

1.5 Cellular IoT

1.6 Statement of the Problem

1.7 Dissertation Overview

1.7.1 Relevance of the Study

1.7.2 Degree of Development of the Topic

1.7.3 Aim and Objective of the Work

1.7.4 Object of the Study

1.7.5 Research Methods Implemented

1.7.6 Scientific Novelty

1.7.7 Theory and Practical Significance of the work

1.7.8 Statements to be Defended

1.7.9 Presentation and Validation of results

1.7.10 Publications

1.7.11 Personal Contribution

1.8 Organization of the Thesis

Chapter 2. Overview Principal Technologies and Operator

Surveillance System (OSS)

2.1 Overview

2.2 Long-Term Evolution

2.2.1 LTE and its Evolution Through Different Releases

2.2.2 Architecture of LTE

2.2.3 LTE Advanced

2.2.4 LTE-A and E-UTRAN High Level Architecture

2.3 5G Cellular Networks

2.3.1 5G Deployment Modes

2.3.2 5G Core Architecture

2.4 Radio Resource Management in LTE

2.4.1 QoS Management in LTE

2.4.2 Physical Layer (PHY/Layer 1) LTE

2.4.3 LTE PHY Throughput Calculations

2.5 LTE Uplink Scheduling Algorithms

2.6 Heterogenous Networks and Scheduling

2.7 Network Slicing Procedure

2.8 Video Surveillance System

2.9 Operator Surveillance System

Chapter 3. Mathematical Model for Joint Servicing of RealTime and Elastic Data in a Cellular Node and Access

Control Deployment

3.1 Overview

3.2 Dynamic Distribution of The Information Transmission Resource

3.3 Functional Model for Joint Servicing of Real-Time Traffic and Elastic Data Traffic

3.4 Mathematical Model for Joint Servicing of Real-Time Traffic and Elastic Data Traffic

3.4.1 Information Service Request Model and Access Restriction

3.4.2 Markov Process and State Space Model

3.4.3 Service Quality Characteristics

3.4.4 System of Equilibrium Equations

3.4.5 Solution of the System of Equilibrium Equations

3.5 Problems of Joint Servicing of Heterogenous Traffic

3.6 Conclusion of the Obtained Results for Chapter

Chapter 4. Analysis of Scenarios for The Implementation of Static

and Dynamic Slicing in A Wireless Access Node

4.1 Overview

4.2 Analysis of the Implementation of the Static Slicing

4.2.1 Introduction

4.2.2 Service Characteristics of Real-time Traffic

Transmission Sessions

4.2.3 Evaluation of Data Transmission Session Service

Characteristics

4.3 Analysis of the Implementation of the Static Slicing

4.3.1 Introduction

4.3.2 Dynamic Slicing Analysis when Serving Data Traffic According to Real-time Traffic Rules

4.3.3 Dynamic Slicing Analysis when Serving Data Traffic According to Elastic Traffic Rules

4.4 Analysis of Network Slicing Usage in Case of Overload

4.5 Analysis of Conditions for Providing Differentiated Service of Heterogeneous Traffic Based on Access Restrictions

4.5.1 Introduction

4.5.2 Resource Sharing Scenarios and Traffic Models

4.5.3 Data Servicing According to The Elastic Traffic Rule

4.6 Conclusion of the Obtained Results for Chapter

Conclusion

Bibliography

List of Figures

List of Tables

Acknowledgments

Введение диссертации (часть автореферата) на тему «Analysis of Resource Allocation Procedures for Cellular Network in Joint Servicing of Real-Time Multiservice Traffic and Elastic IoT Traffic / Анализ процедур распределения ресурса сетей сотовой связи при совместном обслуживании мультисервисного трафика реального времени и эластичного трафика IoT»

Abstract

Over the recent times, cellular networks have undergone tremendous transformations and have witnessed enormous developments in the volumes and diversities of the data transmitted over the Internet of Things (IoT) and other modern smart applications. The management and control of such massive quantities of data is proving to be a crucial task for network industries across the various domains of the technology. Modern day complex, smart and heterogenous networks produce huge volumes of "Big Data" and are among the main contributors for this enormous data surge. This bulk of data is putting current networks infrastructure under lot of stress and making it difficult to use the available radio resources efficiently. Though 3GPP has recognized this issue and have recommended several measures for such circumstances but regrettably there are no genuine explanations on how these resources should be shared especially in current and futuristic heterogenous networks. The mathematical modeling based on queuing systems that considers the characteristics of traffic streams originating and acknowledging for servicing is believed one of the key solutions to such kind of problems.

To address this issue, we have developed a model based on resource allocation and sharing strategy for an operator surveillance system (OSS) for conjoint servicing of realtime video traffic referred as "Heavy traffic" originating from HD surveillance cameras and low-quality video traffic, referred as "Light traffic" which are transmitted as files over LTE cell facilities. Our work is devoted to the issues of constructing and analyzing a generalized model of dynamic resource allocation of wireless access nodes when servicing heterogenous IoT traffic. During the development a model, the following features of servicing heterogeneous traffic are considered: the dependence of the arrival and servicing of sessions on the requirement for transmission speed; access restriction for all types of communication sessions, depending on the load of the resource by communication sessions of the considered flow; prioritization of real-time traffic; using the Processor Sharing discipline when transmitting elastic traffic.

An algorithm for estimating the main indicators of joint servicing of communication sessions has been developed. Among them: the share of lost sessions, the average amount

of information transfer resource used, the average message delivery time, etc. The resulting expressions allow us to analyze the operation of various procedures aimed at increasing the efficiency of using the transmission resource of access nodes and creating conditions for differentiated servicing of heterogeneous traffic flows based on access restriction, depending on the load of the resource by the communication sessions of the flow in question.

It is shown that differentiated servicing of non-uniform traffic based on the use of the proposed procedure for a dynamic resource allocation scenario, in contrast to the traditional solution of the same problem using a static scenario, when the resource is divided in a certain proportion between incoming information flows, can improve the quality of service for communication sessions and improve efficiency of access node resource usage.

The constructed model and the computational algorithms developed on its basis used in the educational process at the Department "Infocommunication Systems and Networks" at Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT, Phystech).

*** This research work has been supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, under Project No. 20-37-90048, for postgraduates.

Заключение диссертации по теме «Системы, сети и устройства телекоммуникаций», Андраби Умер Мукхтар

Conclusion

An analysis of the work of modern base station radio resource scheduler was carried out. The resource scheduling model is formalized in the form of a resource requirement distribution function, considering the varied heterogenous data generating UEs, the radio channel model, and radio resource distribution policy based on the QoS requirements. The overall model was realized for an operator surveillance system (OSS). Additionally, in the conclusion of the dissertation, in contrast to the findings of previous investigations, we construct the key findings and conclusions of the obtained results. The following are the key findings of the overall research study.

1. A generalized model for the formation and servicing of communication session flows of a wireless access node has been developed and studied, which, unlike the known models, has made it possible to consider the combined influence of the main significant factors that determine the joint transmission of traffic of modern communication applications. Among them: the arrival and servicing of sessions are dependent on the transmission rate requirements; access restriction for all types of communication sessions, depends on the occupied volume of the resource by communication sessions for the considered flow; prioritization of real-time traffic; using the Processor Sharing discipline when transmitting elastic traffic.

2. Using the constructed model, a scenario has been developed for dynamically distributing the access node resource between incoming sessions, which allows creating conditions for differentiated servicing of heterogeneous traffic flows based on access restriction depending on the volume of the resource occupied by communication sessions of the flow under consideration. Expressions are obtained for estimating indicators of joint service of communication sessions: the proportion of lost sessions; the average volume of the information transfer resource used; average message delivery time; average number of sessions under servicing, etc.

3. It was concluded that the usefulness of the application of the dynamic scenario and the traditional static scenario, when the resource is divided between individual sessions in a certain proportion, can be studied using a set of models for joint service of heterogeneous traffic and algorithms for estimating their probabilistic characteristics, introduced and studied in the third and fourth chapters of the dissertation. The developed algorithms are characterized by high implementation efficiency and is almost valid for all practically interesting values of input parameters.

4. Using the developed models and algorithms for assessing the characteristics of their service, a comparison was made of the efficiency of using the proposed scenarios for distributing the information transmission resource under overload conditions. The following statements are established:

• The Static scenario is considered as simplest in terms of usage, where available radio resources are strictly distributed among real- time "heavy" and "light" traffic streams to achieve the recommended values of performance indicators but this scenario have two downsides. The first one is that it has a high-level of sensitivity of characteristics towards the value load being offered and which demands a prior knowledge of the traffic intensity. The second one that this scenario has decreased resource unit utilization in contrast to the other two scenarios i.e. Fully shared and Access controlled.

• Fully shared scenario, this scenario has optimal usage i.e. improved capabilities of resource unit utilization as compared to static scenario. One of its drawbacks is that during overload situations, degradation of losses occurs in case heavy traffic during servicing.

• Access controlled scenario, this scenario betters Static scenario i.e. the utilization rate is far superior and it has the capabilities to overcome the drawbacks of Fully shared scenario. Due to its exclusive abilities this technique of resource allocation is endorsed for the application of 5G cellular networks.

5. The performed numerical study determined that the use of the developed procedure for dynamic resource allocation allows reducing the losses in differentiated services up to two times, aimed at leveling the losses of sessions on a fixed amount of the resource, and by 10 - 15% to reduce the requirement for the amount of resource to provide a given level of losses. sessions, compared with the use of static slicing for the same purposes.

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_For_Shared_Servicing _of _Real-Time_ Multiservice _and _Elastic